Palliative Thoracic Radiotherapy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in Outpatients: Reasons for Unplanned Hospitalization and Its Impact on Survival

Abstract

Background: The aims of the study were to examine the rates of and reasons for unplanned hospitalization after start of palliative radiotherapy or chemoradiation (CRT), and to study whether unplanned hospitalization deteriorates patients prognosis. In addition, risk factors were identified.

Methods: A retrospective review of 136 patients treated with palliative radiotherapy or CRT was performed. Inclusion criteria were prescribed total dose at least 30 Gy and outpatient at the start of treatment. Uni- and multivariate analyses were employed.

Results: Fifty-eight patients (43%) were hospitalized within 3 months from start of radiotherapy or CRT. Their median overall survival was 6.7 months as compared to 11.1 months in non-hospitalized patients (P = 0.09). The median length of hospitalization was 8 days (range 1 - 61). In patients with possibly treatment-related hospitalization (n = 32), median survival was 5.0 months, significantly shorter than the 11.1 months observed in the remaining patients (P = 0.006). In multivariate analysis, only one variable was significantly associated with higher risk of unplanned hospitalization: previous hospitalization in the last 4 weeks before commencing radiotherapy or CRT.

Conclusions: Unplanned hospitalization occurred frequently in a standard care setting without early involvement of a dedicated palliative team. Patients with preceding hospitalization might represent a group that is particularly vulnerable, thus qualifying for a targeted intervention aiming at continued outpatient care.

J Clin Med Res. 2021;13(3):177-183
doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/jocmr4445