Figure 1. Hematological parameters of 39 patients with confirmed sepsis (BC+) after 1-week hospitalization. White blood cells (WBC), monocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils and platelets (PLT) count were monitored at admission (time 0, T0) and after 1 week from diagnosis (time 2, T2). Patients were sub-grouped in better outcome (BO) and worst outcome (WO) according to clinical severity. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Statistical analysis: unpaired Student’s t-test of WO vs. BO values. SEM: standard error of the mean.
Figure 2. HLA-DR monocytes surface expression in BC+, BC- and control (Ctrl) patients (total n = 55). (a) Flow cytometrical analysis of monocytes gated on scatter plot of CD14-PE vs. side scattered light signals (SSC). (b, c) Histogram plot of HLA-DR-APC-Cy7 among CD14+ gated monocytes. Values of HLA-DR expression percentage and mode of fluorescence intensity are indicated below graphs for different groups of patients and controls. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Statistical analysis: unpaired Student’s t-test of BC+ vs. BC- values (§P < 0.05); BC+ vs. Ctrl values (#P < 0.05); WO vs. BO values (*P < 0.05). HLA-DR: human leukocyte antigen-DR isotype; BC+: patients with positive blood culture; BC-: patients with other positive cultural assays; WO: patients with worst clinical outcome; BO: patients with better clinical outcome.
Figure 3. Quantification of HLA-DR per monocyte in the sub-group of 16 hospitalized septic patients (sBC+) monitored for 4 weeks following septic diagnosis. Patients were classified according to clinical outcome (alive and dead patients); the dashed line indicates value obtained for healthy individuals. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Statistical analysis: unpaired Student’s t-test of dead vs. alive values (*P ≤ 0.05). HLA-DR: human leukocyte antigen-DR isotype; SEM: standard error of the mean.
Figure 4. Interferon-γ released by lymphocytes (IFN-γ release assay (IGRA) test) in presence of mitogens: (a) Positive control (PHA). (b, c) Microbial cells lysate (S. aureus and C. albicans) in the group of 16 hospitalized septic patients monitored for the first 3 weeks following septic diagnosis. Patients were classified according to clinical outcome (alive and dead patients). The fourth week was not reported in the graph because all deceased patients died before the 28th days. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Statistical analysis: unpaired Student’s t-test of dead vs. alive values (*P ≤ 0.05; ***P < 0.001). SEM: standard error of the mean; IFN: interferon; PHA: phytohemagglutinin; S. aureus: Staphylococcus aureus; C. albicans: Candida albicans.