J Clin Med Res

Journal of Clinical Medicine Research, ISSN 1918-3003 print, 1918-3011 online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Clin Med Res and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website https://www.jocmr.org

Original Article

Volume 13, Number 2, February 2021, pages 107-112

Active Head Auto-Rotations in Patients With Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo

Figure 1. Active head auto-rotation recording of the patient with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). Head and eye recordings during horizontal head rotations are seen in upper drawing. Lower recording shows vertical head and eye movement (head rotations are dark, and eye movements are light color).

Figure 2. Comparison of horizontal gain in patients with BPPV and control subjects (LC: lateral canal, PC: posterior canal).

Figure 3. Comparison of vertical gain in patients with BPPV and control subjects (LC: lateral canal, PC: posterior canal).

**Table 1.** Average Gains at 1 - 5 Hz Frequencies During Active Horizontal Head Rotations Toward the Pathologic and Normal Sides in Patients With Lateral and Posterior Canal BPPV
Horizontal VAT	1 Hz	2 Hz	3 Hz	4 Hz	5 Hz
No statistically significant difference was found when comparing the gain between the horizontal head rotations toward the pathologic and those toward the normal side at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 Hz frequencies in patients with lateral and posterior canal BPPV. HART: head auto-rotation test; VAT: vestibular autorotation test; LC: lateral canal; PC: posterior canal; BPPV: benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.
LC-BPPV pathologic side	0.99 ± 0.34	0.93 ± 0.32	0.88 ± 0.29	0.71 ± 0.21	0.56 ± 0.19
LC-BPPV normal side	1.00 ± 0.42	0.92 ± 0.27	0.88 ± 0.22	0.70 ± 0.40	0.58 ± 0.13
PC-BPPV pathologic side	1.06 ± 0.37	0.99 ± 0.37	0.97 ± 0.30	0.92 ± 0.41	0.74 ± 0.50
PC-BPPV normal side	1.08 ± 0.36	0.98 ± 0.32	0.95 ± 0.60	1.02 ± 0.31	0.84 ± 0.09
Average lateral gain of controls	1.02 ± 0.22	0.90 ± 0.18	0.82 ± 0.18	0.72 ± 0.09	0.65 ± 0.07
P value	0.89	0.90	0.78	0.20	0.16

Table 1. Average Gains at 1 - 5 Hz Frequencies During Active Horizontal Head Rotations Toward the Pathologic and Normal Sides in Patients With Lateral and Posterior Canal BPPV

Horizontal VAT

1 Hz

2 Hz

3 Hz

4 Hz

5 Hz

No statistically significant difference was found when comparing the gain between the horizontal head rotations toward the pathologic and those toward the normal side at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 Hz frequencies in patients with lateral and posterior canal BPPV. HART: head auto-rotation test; VAT: vestibular autorotation test; LC: lateral canal; PC: posterior canal; BPPV: benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.

LC-BPPV pathologic side

0.99 ± 0.34

0.93 ± 0.32

0.88 ± 0.29

0.71 ± 0.21

0.56 ± 0.19

LC-BPPV normal side

1.00 ± 0.42

0.92 ± 0.27

0.88 ± 0.22

0.70 ± 0.40

0.58 ± 0.13

PC-BPPV pathologic side

1.06 ± 0.37

0.99 ± 0.37

0.97 ± 0.30

0.92 ± 0.41

0.74 ± 0.50

PC-BPPV normal side

1.08 ± 0.36

0.98 ± 0.32

0.95 ± 0.60

1.02 ± 0.31

0.84 ± 0.09

Average lateral gain of controls

1.02 ± 0.22

0.90 ± 0.18

0.82 ± 0.18

0.72 ± 0.09

0.65 ± 0.07

P value

0.89

0.90

0.78

0.20

0.16

**Table 2.** Average Gains at 1, 2 and 3 Hz During Vertical Head Rotations in Patients With Lateral and Posterior Canal BPPV
Vertical VAT	1 Hz	2 Hz	3 Hz
No statistically significant difference was found when comparing the gain between upward and downward vertical head rotations at 1, 2 and 3 Hz frequencies in patients with lateral and posterior canal BPPV. HART: head auto-rotation test; VAT: vestibular autorotation test; LC: lateral canal; PC: posterior canal; BPPV: benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.
LC-BPPV up	0.63 ± 0.21	0.62 ± 0.16	0.64 ± 0.24
LC-BPPV down	0.67 ± 0.24	0.65 ± 0.17	0.68 ± 0.25
PC-BPPV up	0.76 ± 0.26	0.70 ± 0.19	0.85 ± 0.26
PC-BPPV down	0.78 ± 0.30	0.70 ± 0.18	0.83 ± 0.30
Average vertical gain of controls	0.58 ± 0.11	0.61 ± 0.10	0.75 ± 0.21
P value	0.28	0.53	0.15

Table 2. Average Gains at 1, 2 and 3 Hz During Vertical Head Rotations in Patients With Lateral and Posterior Canal BPPV

Vertical VAT

1 Hz

2 Hz

3 Hz

No statistically significant difference was found when comparing the gain between upward and downward vertical head rotations at 1, 2 and 3 Hz frequencies in patients with lateral and posterior canal BPPV. HART: head auto-rotation test; VAT: vestibular autorotation test; LC: lateral canal; PC: posterior canal; BPPV: benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.

LC-BPPV up

0.63 ± 0.21

0.62 ± 0.16

0.64 ± 0.24

LC-BPPV down

0.67 ± 0.24

0.65 ± 0.17

0.68 ± 0.25

PC-BPPV up

0.76 ± 0.26

0.70 ± 0.19

0.85 ± 0.26

PC-BPPV down

0.78 ± 0.30

0.70 ± 0.18

0.83 ± 0.30

Average vertical gain of controls

0.58 ± 0.11

0.61 ± 0.10

0.75 ± 0.21

P value

0.28

0.53

0.15