J Clin Med Res

Journal of Clinical Medicine Research, ISSN 1918-3003 print, 1918-3011 online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Clin Med Res and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website https://www.jocmr.org

Short Communication

Volume 13, Number 1, January 2021, pages 64-72

Correlation of Immunoglobulins and Lymphocytes Levels With the Clinical and Microbiological Response of Septic Patients With Gram-Negative Bacteremia

Figure 1. Immunoglobulins levels and patients’ microbiological (a) and clinical response (b). Data are presented as mean and SD when normally distributed and as median and interquartile range when not normally distributed. SD: standard deviation.

Figure 2. Lymphocytes subpopulations levels and patients’ microbiological (a) and clinical response (b). Data are presented as mean and SD when normally distributed and as median and interquartile range when not normally distributed. SD: standard deviation.

**Table 1.** Cohort Patients’ Characteristics in Relation to Microbiological Response
Variable^{a, b}	Microbiological response (18 patients, 75%)	No microbiological response (6 patients, 25%)	P value
^aContinuous data presented as mean and SD when normally distributed. ^bCategorical data presented as number (proportion). ^cContinuous data presented as median and interquartile range when not normally distributed. APACHE II: Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II; SOFA: Sequential Organ Failure Assessment; CRP: C-reactive protein; Ig: immunoglobulin; WBCs: white blood cells; NK: natural killer; HLA: human leukocyte antigen; SD: standard deviation.
Age (years)	54 (16.4)	53 (20.5)	0.8
Female, n (%)	7 (87)	1 (12.5)	0.6
APACHE II score	11 (6.9)	13 (8.3)	0.5
SOFA score	7.2 (4.0)	9 (4.2)	0.4
CRP (mg/dL)	12 (9.7)	10 (8.5)	0.6
Fever, n (%)	13 (54)	2 (8.3)	0.4
Days to microbiological response (18 patients, %)	6.5 (1.3)
Clinical response (%)	12 (75)	4 (25)	1
Admission type^b
Multi-injured, n (%)	5 (83)	1 (17)
ARDS-pneumonia (%)	4 (80)	1 (20)
Brain hemorrhage-coma (%)	4 (80)	1 (20)
Traumatic brain injury (%)	2 (67)	1 (33)
Stroke (%)	1 (100)
Status epileptics (%)	2 (100)
Pancreatitis (%)		1(100)
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (%)		1 (100)
Ig concentrations (mg/dL)^{a, c}
IgG	712 (627 - 1,003)	771 (547 - 1,232)	0.4
IgM	81 (63 - 143)	59 (53 - 101)	1.0
IgE	137 (61 - 469)	45 (24 - 1,239)	0.7
IgA	215 (97,7)	234 (91)	0.1
Lymphocytes and WBCs concentrations (absolute number/mm³)^{a, c}
WBCs	9,450 (8,667 - 11,975)	10,750 (5,425 - 16,145)	0.8
Lymphocytes	9.6 (7.7 - 12)	10 (8 - 12)	0.6
CD3-T-lymphocytes	730 (537 - 1,051)	737 (446 - 812)	0.6
CD4-T helper	549 (344 - 692)	536 (321 - 669)	1.0
CD8-T killer	168 (126 - 431)	152 (116 - 231)	0.3
CD3-CD56-NK-T-lymphocytes	21 (7.5 - 33)	25 (18.7 - 32.7)	0.4
CD3-CH56-NK cells	60 (45 - 86)	70 (35 - 89)	0.7
CD5-CD20	7.5 (7.5 - 25)	18.5 (0.7 - 34)	0.8
CD3-HLA-DR	55.8 (28.63)	54 (13)	0.8
CD20-B lymphocytes	164.8 (106.73)	211.5 (99)	0.3
CD4/CD8 ratio	2.3 (1.2)	1.7 (0.9)	0.3

Table 1. Cohort Patients’ Characteristics in Relation to Microbiological Response

Variable^{a, b}

Microbiological response (18 patients, 75%)

No microbiological response (6 patients, 25%)

P value

^aContinuous data presented as mean and SD when normally distributed. ^bCategorical data presented as number (proportion). ^cContinuous data presented as median and interquartile range when not normally distributed. APACHE II: Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II; SOFA: Sequential Organ Failure Assessment; CRP: C-reactive protein; Ig: immunoglobulin; WBCs: white blood cells; NK: natural killer; HLA: human leukocyte antigen; SD: standard deviation.

Age (years)

54 (16.4)

53 (20.5)

0.8

Female, n (%)

7 (87)

1 (12.5)

0.6

APACHE II score

11 (6.9)

13 (8.3)

0.5

SOFA score

7.2 (4.0)

9 (4.2)

0.4

CRP (mg/dL)

12 (9.7)

10 (8.5)

0.6

Fever, n (%)

13 (54)

2 (8.3)

0.4

Days to microbiological response (18 patients, %)

6.5 (1.3)

Clinical response (%)

12 (75)

4 (25)

Admission type^b

Multi-injured, n (%)

5 (83)

1 (17)

ARDS-pneumonia (%)

4 (80)

1 (20)

Brain hemorrhage-coma (%)

4 (80)

1 (20)

Traumatic brain injury (%)

2 (67)

1 (33)

Stroke (%)

1 (100)

Status epileptics (%)

2 (100)

Pancreatitis (%)

1(100)

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (%)

1 (100)

Ig concentrations (mg/dL)^{a, c}

IgG

712 (627 - 1,003)

771 (547 - 1,232)

0.4

IgM

81 (63 - 143)

59 (53 - 101)

1.0

IgE

137 (61 - 469)

45 (24 - 1,239)

0.7

IgA

215 (97,7)

234 (91)

0.1

Lymphocytes and WBCs concentrations (absolute number/mm³)^{a, c}

WBCs

9,450 (8,667 - 11,975)

10,750 (5,425 - 16,145)

0.8

Lymphocytes

9.6 (7.7 - 12)

10 (8 - 12)

0.6

CD3-T-lymphocytes

730 (537 - 1,051)

737 (446 - 812)

0.6

CD4-T helper

549 (344 - 692)

536 (321 - 669)

1.0

CD8-T killer

168 (126 - 431)

152 (116 - 231)

0.3

CD3-CD56-NK-T-lymphocytes

21 (7.5 - 33)

25 (18.7 - 32.7)

0.4

CD3-CH56-NK cells

60 (45 - 86)

70 (35 - 89)

0.7

CD5-CD20

7.5 (7.5 - 25)

18.5 (0.7 - 34)

0.8

CD3-HLA-DR

55.8 (28.63)

54 (13)

0.8

CD20-B lymphocytes

164.8 (106.73)

211.5 (99)

0.3

CD4/CD8 ratio

2.3 (1.2)

1.7 (0.9)

0.3

**Table 2.** Cohort Patients’ Characteristics in Relation to Clinical Response
Variable^{a, b}	Clinical response (16 patients, 64%)	No clinical response (8 patients, 36%)	P value
^aContinuous data presented as mean and SD when normally distributed. ^bCategorical data presented as number (proportion). ^cContinuous data presented as median and interquartile range when not normally distributed. APACHE II: Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II; SOFA: Sequential Organ Failure Assessment; CRP: C-reactive protein; Ig: immunoglobulin; WBCs: white blood cells; NK: natural killer; HLA: human leukocyte antigen; SD: standard deviation.
Age (years)	55.6 (17.5)	51.6 (16.8)	0.6
Female, n (%)	5 (20.8)	3 (16)	0.4
APACHE II score	13.5 (6.7)	8.3 (7.1)	0.1
SOFA score	8.2 (3.9)	6.7 (4.4)	0.4
CRP (mg/dL)	10.6 (6.5)	15.5 (13.3)	0.3
Fever, n (%)	10 (59)	7 (41)	0.5
Days to clinical response (16 patients, %)	4 (1.2)
Microbiological response, n (%)	12 (67)	6 (33)	1
Early microbiological response, n (%)	5 (83)	1 (17)	0.6
Admission type^b
Multi-injured, n (%)	4 (67)	2 (33)
ARDS-pneumonia (%)	4 (80)	1 (20)
Brain hemorrhage-coma (%)	3 (60)	2 (40)
Traumatic brain injury (%)	2 (67)	1 (33)
Stroke (%)	1 (100)
Status epileptics (%)	2 (100)
Pancreatitis (%)	1 (100)
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (%)	1 (100)
Ig concentrations^{a, c}
IgG	712 (529 - 963)	840 (683 - 1,142)	0.3
IgM	75 (58 - 125)	86 (58 - 135)	0.8
IgE	93 (45 - 369)	244 (27 - 1,040)	0.6
IgA	195 (91.5)	270 (84)	0.06
Lymphocytes and WBCs concentrations (absolute number/mm³)^{a, c}
WBCs	9,100 (8,602 - 12,175)	10,670 (5,525 - 21,180)	0.6
Lymphocytes	9.6 (8.2 - 10.9)	10.3 (6.9 - 14.2)	0.9
CD3-T-lymphocytes	750 (681 - 875)	635 (358 - 1,190)	0.6
CD4-T helper	563 (361 - 615)	515 (251 - 867)
CD8-T killer	163 (128 - 280)	182 (122 - 543)	0.6
CD3-CD56-NK-T-lymphocytes	23 (19 - 31.7)	17 (6.5 - 33)	0.6
CD3-CH56-NK cells	63 (42 - 83)	64 (44 - 88)	0.7
CD5-CD20	11 (5 - 25)	4 (2 - 48)	0.4
CD3-HLA-DR	58 (21)	50 (33)	0.5
CD20-B lymphocytes	188 (99)	153 (119)	0.4
CD4/CD8 ratio	2.2 (1)	2 (1.4)	0.7

Table 2. Cohort Patients’ Characteristics in Relation to Clinical Response

Variable^{a, b}

Clinical response (16 patients, 64%)

No clinical response (8 patients, 36%)

P value

Age (years)

55.6 (17.5)

51.6 (16.8)

0.6

Female, n (%)

5 (20.8)

3 (16)

0.4

APACHE II score

13.5 (6.7)

8.3 (7.1)

0.1

SOFA score

8.2 (3.9)

6.7 (4.4)

0.4

CRP (mg/dL)

10.6 (6.5)

15.5 (13.3)

0.3

Fever, n (%)

10 (59)

7 (41)

0.5

Days to clinical response (16 patients, %)

4 (1.2)

Microbiological response, n (%)

12 (67)

6 (33)

Early microbiological response, n (%)

5 (83)

1 (17)

0.6

Admission type^b

Multi-injured, n (%)

4 (67)

2 (33)

ARDS-pneumonia (%)

4 (80)

1 (20)

Brain hemorrhage-coma (%)

3 (60)

2 (40)

Traumatic brain injury (%)

2 (67)

1 (33)

Stroke (%)

1 (100)

Status epileptics (%)

2 (100)

Pancreatitis (%)

1 (100)

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (%)

1 (100)

Ig concentrations^{a, c}

IgG

712 (529 - 963)

840 (683 - 1,142)

0.3

IgM

75 (58 - 125)

86 (58 - 135)

0.8

IgE

93 (45 - 369)

244 (27 - 1,040)

0.6

IgA

195 (91.5)

270 (84)

0.06

Lymphocytes and WBCs concentrations (absolute number/mm³)^{a, c}

WBCs

9,100 (8,602 - 12,175)

10,670 (5,525 - 21,180)

0.6

Lymphocytes

9.6 (8.2 - 10.9)

10.3 (6.9 - 14.2)

0.9

CD3-T-lymphocytes

750 (681 - 875)

635 (358 - 1,190)

0.6

CD4-T helper

563 (361 - 615)

515 (251 - 867)

CD8-T killer

163 (128 - 280)

182 (122 - 543)

0.6

CD3-CD56-NK-T-lymphocytes

23 (19 - 31.7)

17 (6.5 - 33)

0.6

CD3-CH56-NK cells

63 (42 - 83)

64 (44 - 88)

0.7

CD5-CD20

11 (5 - 25)

4 (2 - 48)

0.4

CD3-HLA-DR

58 (21)

50 (33)

0.5

CD20-B lymphocytes

188 (99)

153 (119)

0.4

CD4/CD8 ratio

2.2 (1)

2 (1.4)

0.7