| Journal of Clinical Medicine Research, ISSN 1918-3003 print, 1918-3011 online, Open Access |
| Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Clin Med Res and Elmer Press Inc |
| Journal website http://www.jocmr.org |
Letter to the Editor
Volume 12, Number 5, May 2020, pages 320-322
Simultaneous Treatment of COVID-19 With Serine Protease Inhibitor Camostat and/or Cathepsin L Inhibitor?
Table
| Classes | Treatment option | |
|---|---|---|
| NHC: β-D-N4-hydroycytidine; TMPRSS2: transmembrane serine protease 2; ACE-2: angiotensin converting enzyme 2; MERS-CoV: Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus; SARS-CoV: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. | ||
| Anti-viral drug | > 85% of patients received antiviral drugs, including oseltamivir (75 mg every 12 h orally), ganciclovir (0.25 g every 12 h intravenously) and lopinavir/ritonavir tablets (400/100 mg twice daily); lopinavir/ritonavir sirup in children; remdesivir is currently in trials in more than 10 medical facilities in Wuhan and is known to prevent MERS-CoV-2 | In trials |
| Ribonucleoside analog NHC (EIDD-1931) [10] | In vitro | |
| Anti-malarial drug | Chloroquin and hydroxychloroquin have been effective in inhibiting the exacerbation of pneumonia due to the anti-viral and anti-inflammatory activities | Controversial |
| Herbal agent | During the last SARS-CoV outbreak, traditional Chinese medicine was widespread and is currently used in China. The five most commonly used herbs were Astragali Radix (Huangqi), Glycyrrhizae Radix and Rhizoma (Gancao), Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng), Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu) and Lonicerae Japonicae Flo | Add-on therapy |
| TMPRSS2 inhibitor | Camostat [3, 8, 9], nefamostat [9] | First trials started; University of Aarhus and Tokyo; possible inhalative application? |
| CD147 inhibitor | Meplazumab [7] | Add-on therapy [7] |
| MC antibody treatment/mesenchymal stem cell TX | Monoclonal antibodies against S protein, against ACE-2, against viral protein | In trials |