J Clin Med Res

Journal of Clinical Medicine Research, ISSN 1918-3003 print, 1918-3011 online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Clin Med Res and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website http://www.jocmr.org

Original Article

Volume 12, Number 5, May 2020, pages 307-314

Non-Invasive Isthmocele Treatment: A New Therapeutic Option During Assisted Reproductive Technology Cycles?

Figures

Figure 1. The height and width of the isthmocele measurement.

Figure 2. The depth of the isthmocele measurement.

Figure 3. The view of the isthmocele before embryo transfer.

Figure 4. The view of the intrauterine fluid.

Tables

**Table 1.** Clinical Characteristics of the Study Patients
Patient no.	Age, years	BMI, kg/m²	Previous cesarean	Postmenstrual bleeding	Dyspareunia	Pelvic pain	Residual myometrium	Etiology of infertility	Previous IVF treatment	History of pregnancy
BMI: body mass index; IVF: in vitro fertilization.
1	39	29.1	1	+	+	-	2.4 mm	Tubal factor	1	Two, one ectopic pregnancy
2	33	23.3	2	+	+	+	1.8 mm	Tubal ligation	2	Two spontaneous
3	35	25.7	2	+	+	+	1.7 mm	Tubal ligation	1	One spontaneous
4	32	30.8	1	+	+	-	0.8 mm	Male factor	2	One vaginal delivery, second cesarean section
5	37	31.7	1	+	-	+	1.2 mm	Male factor	2	One IVF pregnancy
6	35	28.6	1	+	+	+	1.8 mm	Unexplained infertility	1	One IVF pregnancy
7	36	33	1	+	+	-	1.4 mm	Male factor	0	One IVF pregnancy
8	29	26.5	1	+	-	+	2.1 mm	Tubal factor	2	One spontaneous

**Table 2.** *In Vitro* Fertilization Treatment Results and Isthmocele Volumes of the Patients
Case	Gonadotropin dose (total unit)	M2 oocyte	Fertilize oocyte	Embryo transfer	Duration ultralong process (days)	Embryo grade	Fresh cycle nish (height × depth × width) (mm) volume (mm³)	FET cycle nish (height × depth × width) (mm) volume (mm³)	Pregnancy test
FET: frozen embryo transfer.
1	2,400	14	8	2	95	1.2	14.4 × 5.1 × 4.2 308.4	13 × 2.6 × 2.1 70.98	Negative
2	3,375	10	6	2	90	1.1	13 × 5.7 × 5.1 377.91	11 × 3.2 × 3 105.6	Negative
3	3,000	8	3	2	83	2.2	12.1 × 5.2 × 4.6 289.43	9 × 2.1 × 2.1 39.69	Negative
4	2,200	9	3	2	74	2.2	17.2 × 8.9 × 5 765.4	14 × 2.1 × 1.5 44.1	Negative
5	1,600	3	3	2	84	2.2	13.3 × 5.1 × 4.5 366.28	9 × 1.5 × 1.5 20.25	Positive
6	4,200	6	2	2	75	2.2	14 × 5.7 × 5.5 438.9	8.5 × 2 × 1.1 18.7	Negative
7	3,150	6	4	2	113	1.2	16.5 × 8.5 × 5.2 729.3	11 × 4 × 1.3 57.2	Positive
8	2,250	15	12	2	83	2.2	15.1 × 6.8 × 4.8 492.86	10 × 1.5 × 1.8 27	Negative