J Clin Med Res

Journal of Clinical Medicine Research, ISSN 1918-3003 print, 1918-3011 online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Clin Med Res and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website http://www.jocmr.org

Original Article

Volume 11, Number 5, May 2019, pages 353-359

The Study of Inferior Alveolar Canal at the Lower Third Molar Apical Region With Cone Beam Computed Tomography

Figure 1. The measurement of nine reference points and seven reference lines of coronal view in cone beam computed tomography.

**Table 1.** Age of Patients With the Impacted Mandibular Third Molar in This Study
Age (years)	Gender	Total
20 - 29	36	34	70
30 - 39	9	10	19
40 - 49	0	1	1
Total	45	45	90

Table 1. Age of Patients With the Impacted Mandibular Third Molar in This Study

Age (years)

Gender

Total

Male

Female

20 - 29

30 - 39

40 - 49

Total

**Table 2.** The Abbreviation in This Study
Point of reference
1. BB: the outer surface of buccal cortex
2. LB: the outer surface of lingual cortex
3. BC: the buccal border of inferior alveolar canal
4. LC: the lingual border of inferior alveolar canal
5. SC: the superior of inferior alveolar canal
6. IC: the inferior border of inferior alveolar canal
7. AB: the alveolar crest
8. LT: the lower part of tooth
1. BB to LB: mandible width
2. BB to BC: buccal bone width
3. BC to LC: canal width
4. LC to LB: lingual bone width
5. SC to IC: canal height
6. AB to SC: alveolar bone height

Table 2. The Abbreviation in This Study

Point of reference

1. BB: the outer surface of buccal cortex

2. LB: the outer surface of lingual cortex

3. BC: the buccal border of inferior alveolar canal

4. LC: the lingual border of inferior alveolar canal

5. SC: the superior of inferior alveolar canal

6. IC: the inferior border of inferior alveolar canal

7. AB: the alveolar crest

8. LT: the lower part of tooth

Line of reference

1. BB to LB: mandible width

2. BB to BC: buccal bone width

3. BC to LC: canal width

4. LC to LB: lingual bone width

5. SC to IC: canal height

6. AB to SC: alveolar bone height

**Table 3.** Comparison of Distances Between Men and Women in Left and Right Teeth
	Left	Right
*P value < 0.05.
Mesial
Female	12.37 ± 2.56	2.99 ± 0.83	3.45 ± 0.71	12.41 ± 2.03	2.93 ± 0.50	3.46 ± 0.60
Male	13.35 ± 1.98	3.38 ± 0.57	4.19 ± 0.81	13.73 ± 2.67	3.56 ± 0.97	3.87 ± 0.67
P value	0.046*	0.003*	0.000*	0.017*	0.000*	0.000*
Middle
Female	11.40 ± 2.09	2.64 ± 0.74	3.40 ± 0.78	11.27 ± 1.84	2.81 ± 0.59	3.35 ± 0.73
Male	12.32 ± 2.05	3.29 ± 0.79	4.19 ± 1.04	12.51 ± 2.04	3.27 ± 0.80	3.87 ± 0.88
P value	0.039*	0.000*	0.000*	0.039*	0.000*	0.000*
Distal
Female	11.41 ± 2.00	2.83 ± 0.66	3.41 ± 0.64	11.28 ± 1.89	2.82 ± 0.60	3.55 ± 0.86
Male	12.69 ± 2.04	3.19 ± 0.76	3.97 ± 0.86	12.83 ± 2.11	3.38 ± 0.72	4.04 ± 1.49
P value	0.006*	0.029*	0.001*	0.003*	0.000*	0.043*
M-root
Female	10.25 ± 2.45	2.64 ± 0.85	3.93 ± 1.01	10.31 ± 2.39	2.87 ± 0.75	3.90 ± 1.15
Male	11.72 ± 2.11	3.29 ± 0.83	4.68 ± 1.25	11.34 ± 2.04	3.39 ± 0.67	4.68 ± 1.22
P value	0.003*	0.000*	0.002*	0.003*	0.000*	0.000*
D-root
Female	9.91 ± 2.08	2.64 ± 0.57	4.18 ± 1.12	9.99 ± 1.85	2.79 ± 0.59	3.97 ± 1.14
Male	11.40 ± 1.87	3.36 ± 0.78	4.89 ± 1.34	10.98 ± 1.84	3.35 ± 0.63	4.68 ± 1.05
P value	0.001*	0.000*	0.004*	0.001*	0.000*	0.001*

Table 3. Comparison of Distances Between Men and Women in Left and Right Teeth

Left

Right

BB-LB

BC-LC

SC-IC

BB-LB

BC-LC

SC-IC

*P value < 0.05.

Mesial

Female

12.37 ± 2.56

2.99 ± 0.83

3.45 ± 0.71

12.41 ± 2.03

2.93 ± 0.50

3.46 ± 0.60

Male

13.35 ± 1.98

3.38 ± 0.57

4.19 ± 0.81

13.73 ± 2.67

3.56 ± 0.97

3.87 ± 0.67

P value

0.046*

0.003*

0.000*

0.017*

0.000*

Middle

Female

11.40 ± 2.09

2.64 ± 0.74

3.40 ± 0.78

11.27 ± 1.84

2.81 ± 0.59

3.35 ± 0.73

Male

12.32 ± 2.05

3.29 ± 0.79

4.19 ± 1.04

12.51 ± 2.04

3.27 ± 0.80

3.87 ± 0.88

P value

0.039*

0.000*

0.039*

0.000*

Distal

Female

11.41 ± 2.00

2.83 ± 0.66

3.41 ± 0.64

11.28 ± 1.89

2.82 ± 0.60

3.55 ± 0.86

Male

12.69 ± 2.04

3.19 ± 0.76

3.97 ± 0.86

12.83 ± 2.11

3.38 ± 0.72

4.04 ± 1.49

P value

0.006*

0.029*

0.001*

0.003*

0.000*

0.043*

M-root

Female

10.25 ± 2.45

2.64 ± 0.85

3.93 ± 1.01

10.31 ± 2.39

2.87 ± 0.75

3.90 ± 1.15

Male

11.72 ± 2.11

3.29 ± 0.83

4.68 ± 1.25

11.34 ± 2.04

3.39 ± 0.67

4.68 ± 1.22

P value

0.003*

0.000*

0.002*

0.003*

0.000*

D-root

Female

9.91 ± 2.08

2.64 ± 0.57

4.18 ± 1.12

9.99 ± 1.85

2.79 ± 0.59

3.97 ± 1.14

Male

11.40 ± 1.87

3.36 ± 0.78

4.89 ± 1.34

10.98 ± 1.84

3.35 ± 0.63

4.68 ± 1.05

P value

0.001*

0.000*

0.004*

0.001*

0.000*

0.001*

**Table 4.** The Average Means of Measurements at Each Reference Point
Gender	Average means of measurement
*P value < 0.05.
Female	11.06 ± 1.77	6.01 ± 1.77	2.79 ± 0.37	2.26 ± 1.27	3.66 ± 0.48	14.08 ± 2.14	1.76 ± 0.96
Male	12.29 ± 1.56	6.39 ± 1.84	3.35 ± 0.48	2.55 ± 1.06	4.31 ± 0.62	15.52 ± 2.42	1.69 ± 1.05
P value	0.017*	0.660	0.029*	0.997	0.002*	0.158	0.984

Table 4. The Average Means of Measurements at Each Reference Point

Gender

Average means of measurement

BB-LB

BB-BC

BC-LC

LC-LB

SC-IC

AB-SC

LT-SC

*P value < 0.05.

Female

11.06 ± 1.77

6.01 ± 1.77

2.79 ± 0.37

2.26 ± 1.27

3.66 ± 0.48

14.08 ± 2.14

1.76 ± 0.96

Male

12.29 ± 1.56

6.39 ± 1.84

3.35 ± 0.48

2.55 ± 1.06

4.31 ± 0.62

15.52 ± 2.42

1.69 ± 1.05

P value

0.017*

0.660

0.029*

0.997

0.002*

0.158

0.984