J Clin Med Res

Journal of Clinical Medicine Research, ISSN 1918-3003 print, 1918-3011 online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Clin Med Res and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website http://www.jocmr.org

Original Article

Volume 11, Number 3, March 2019, pages 196-201

Human Papillomavirus Infection in Female Sex Workers: A Case Control Study

**Table 1.** Correlation of HPV Infection and General Sociodemographic and Obstetric Characteristics of Female Sex Workers and Controls
Characteristic	Sex workers	Controls	P value
*Sums may not add up to 217 cases or 354 controls because of some missing values.
Age (years old)
20 or less	17	2	11.8	10	1	10	1
21 - 30	84	7	8.3	105	6	5.7	0.48
31 - 40	64	1	1.6	112	1	0.9	1
41 or more	45	2	4.4	127	2	1.6	0.28
Educational level
No education	4	0	0	0	0	0	-
1 - 6 years	59	4	6.8	15	0	0	0.57
7 - 12 years	136	8	5.9	163	6	3,7	0.37
> 12 years	11	0	0	170	3	1.8	1
Pregnancies
Yes	188	11	5.9	302	7	2.3	0.04
No	19	1	5.3	52	3	5.8	1
Deliveries
Yes	136	9	6.6	211	6	2.8	0.09
No	62	2	3.2	132	4	3	1
Cesarean sections
Yes	78	3	3.8	119	2	1.7	0.38
No	118	8	6,8	211	8	3,8	0.28
Abortions
Yes	50	0	0	83	1	1.2	1
No	144	11	7.6	246	9	3.7	0.08

Table 1. Correlation of HPV Infection and General Sociodemographic and Obstetric Characteristics of Female Sex Workers and Controls

Characteristic

Sex workers

Controls

P value

Subjects tested

Prevalence of HPV infection

Subjects tested

Prevalence of HPV infection

No.*

No.

No.*

No.

*Sums may not add up to 217 cases or 354 controls because of some missing values.

Age (years old)

20 or less

11.8

21 - 30

8.3

105

5.7

0.48

31 - 40

1.6

112

0.9

41 or more

4.4

127

1.6

0.28

Educational level

No education

1 - 6 years

6.8

0.57

7 - 12 years

136

5.9

163

3,7

0.37

> 12 years

170

1.8

Pregnancies

Yes

188

5.9

302

2.3

0.04

5.3

5.8

Deliveries

Yes

136

6.6

211

2.8

0.09

3.2

132

Cesarean sections

Yes

3.8

119

1.7

0.38

118

6,8

211

3,8

0.28

Abortions

Yes

1.2

144

7.6

246

3.7

0.08

**Table 2.** Results of Bivariate Analysis of Behavioral Characteristics of Female Sex Workers and Infection With HPV
Characteristic	Subjects tested	Prevalence of HPV infection	P value
*Sums may not add up to 217 because of some missing values.
Time of sexual activity (years)
1 to 5	25	3	12	0.07
6 to 11	51	5	9.8
11 or more	134	4	3
Condom use
Yes	119	8	6.7	0.54
No	85	4	4.7
Contact with semen during vaginal intercourse
Yes	90	5	5.6	0.9
No	118	7	5.9
Practice of oral sex
Yes	126	5	4	0.22
No	83	7	8.4
Practice of anal sex
Yes	18	0	0	0.6
No	190	12	6.3
Area of work
Urban	205	12	5.9	0.91
Suburban	2	0	0
Rural	1	0	0
Sex activity in Mexican states other than Durango
Yes	59	1	1.7	0.18
No	150	11	7.3
Sex activity abroad
Yes	4	0	0
No	206	12	5.8
Injuries during sex activity
Yes	13	0	0	1
No	195	12	6.2
Alcohol consumption
Yes	36	4	11.1	0.11
No	181	8	4.4
Tobacco consumption
Yes	42	1	2.4	0.46
No	175	11	6.3
Drug use
Yes	13	1	7.7	0.53
No	204	11	5.4

Table 2. Results of Bivariate Analysis of Behavioral Characteristics of Female Sex Workers and Infection With HPV

Characteristic

Subjects tested

Prevalence of HPV infection

P value

No.*

No.

*Sums may not add up to 217 because of some missing values.

Time of sexual activity (years)

1 to 5

0.07

6 to 11

9.8

11 or more

134

Condom use

Yes

119

6.7

0.54

4.7

Contact with semen during vaginal intercourse

Yes

5.6

0.9

118

5.9

Practice of oral sex

Yes

126

0.22

8.4

Practice of anal sex

Yes

0.6

190

6.3

Area of work

Urban

205

5.9

0.91

Suburban

Rural

Sex activity in Mexican states other than Durango

Yes

1.7

0.18

150

7.3

Sex activity abroad

Yes

206

5.8

Injuries during sex activity

Yes

195

6.2

Alcohol consumption

Yes

11.1

0.11

181

4.4

Tobacco consumption

Yes

2.4

0.46

175

6.3

Drug use

Yes

7.7

0.53

204

5.4

**Table 3.** Results of the Multivariate Analysis of a Selection of Characteristics of Female Sex Workers and Infection With HPV.
Characteristic	Odds ratio	95% Confidence interval	P value
Alcohol consumption	4	1.0 - 16.0	0.04
Time of sexual activity (≤ 5 years)	3.4	0.79 - 15.3	0.09
Sex activity in Mexican states other than Durango	0.18	0.02 - 1.5	0.11

Table 3. Results of the Multivariate Analysis of a Selection of Characteristics of Female Sex Workers and Infection With HPV.

Characteristic

Odds ratio

95% Confidence interval

P value

Alcohol consumption

1.0 - 16.0

0.04

Time of sexual activity (≤ 5 years)

3.4

0.79 - 15.3

0.09

Sex activity in Mexican states other than Durango

0.18

0.02 - 1.5

0.11