J Clin Med Res

Journal of Clinical Medicine Research, ISSN 1918-3003 print, 1918-3011 online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Clin Med Res and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website http://www.jocmr.org

Original Article

Volume 9, Number 5, May 2017, pages 426-432

Efficacy of Intravenous Administration of Landiolol in Patients With Acute Heart Failure and Supraventricular Tachyarrhythmia

Figure 1. Time until initiation of oral beta-blocker therapy. The time was significantly longer in group D than in group L.

Figure 2. Time until initiation of oral beta-blocker therapy in patients stratified by ejection fraction. The time was significantly longer in patients with a reduced ejection fraction from group D than group L. It was also longer in patients with preserved ejection fraction from group D, but the difference was not significant. HFpEF: heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction; HFrEF: heart failure with a reduced ejection fraction.

**Table 1.** Underlying Heart Diseases and Etiology of Supraventricular Tachycardia in Both Groups
	Group D (n = 44)	Group L (n = 15)
There were no significant differences of other findings between the two groups, and intergroup differences were not found after stratification by HFrEF and HFpEF. HFrEF: heart failure with a reduced ejection fraction; HFpEF: heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction.
Tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy (n)	15	12	5	1
Valvular heart disease (n)	5	6	2	1
Ischemic cardiomyopathy (n)	3	0	2	2
Dilated cardiomyopathy (n)	1	0	0	0
Hypertensive heart disease (n)	1	1	1	1
Atrial fibrillation (n)	43		15
Atrial flutter (n)	1		0

Table 1. Underlying Heart Diseases and Etiology of Supraventricular Tachycardia in Both Groups

Group D (n = 44)

Group L (n = 15)

HFrEF (n = 25)

HFpEF (n = 19)

HFrEF (n = 10)

HFpEF (n = 5)

There were no significant differences of other findings between the two groups, and intergroup differences were not found after stratification by HFrEF and HFpEF. HFrEF: heart failure with a reduced ejection fraction; HFpEF: heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction.

Tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy (n)

Valvular heart disease (n)

Ischemic cardiomyopathy (n)

Dilated cardiomyopathy (n)

Hypertensive heart disease (n)

Atrial fibrillation (n)

Atrial flutter (n)

**Table 2.** Characteristics, Laboratory Findings, CTR and Echocardiographic Findings of the Subjects
	Group D (n = 44)	Group L (n = 15)	P
There were no significant differences between the two groups. BMI: body mass index; NYHA: New York Heart Association; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; LDH: lactate dehydrogenase; BUN: blood urea nitrogen; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; BNP: brain natriuretic peptide; CTR: cardiothoracic ratio; LAD: left atrial dimension; LVDd: left ventricular end-diastolic dimension; LVDs: left ventricular end-systolic dimension; EF: ejection fraction; %FS percent fractional shortening.
Age (years)	77	74	0.292
Male/female	17/27	10/5	0.107
Height (cm)	159.0	165.0	0.077
Weight (kg)	52.7	55.8	0.139
BMI (kg/m²)	20.3	21.6	0.577
NYHA class	3	3	0.787
Sodium (mEq/L)	140	140	0.525
Potassium (mEq/L)	3.9	4.0	0.370
Albumin (g/dL)	3.6	3.6	0.870
Total bilirubin (mg/dL)	1.0	1.1	0.447
AST (IU/L)	35	41	0.583
ALT (IU/L)	28.0	30	0.938
LDH (IU/L)	304	295	0.737
BUN (mg/dL)	21.5	18.0	0.086
Creatinine (mg/dL)	0.96	0.84	0.161
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m²)	49.8	55.2	0.074
Hemoglobin (g/dL)	13.1	14.5	0.338
BNP (pg/mL)	605.8	767.6	0.754
CTR (%)	61.9	63.6	0.389
LAD (mm)	44	37	0.186
LVDd (mm)	50	48	0.741
LVDs (mm)	39	42	0.572
EF (%)	47	42	0.554
%FS (%)	24	20	0.486

Table 2. Characteristics, Laboratory Findings, CTR and Echocardiographic Findings of the Subjects

Group D (n = 44)

Group L (n = 15)

There were no significant differences between the two groups. BMI: body mass index; NYHA: New York Heart Association; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; LDH: lactate dehydrogenase; BUN: blood urea nitrogen; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; BNP: brain natriuretic peptide; CTR: cardiothoracic ratio; LAD: left atrial dimension; LVDd: left ventricular end-diastolic dimension; LVDs: left ventricular end-systolic dimension; EF: ejection fraction; %FS percent fractional shortening.

Age (years)

0.292

Male/female

17/27

10/5

0.107

Height (cm)

159.0

165.0

0.077

Weight (kg)

52.7

55.8

0.139

BMI (kg/m²)

20.3

21.6

0.577

NYHA class

0.787

Sodium (mEq/L)

140

0.525

Potassium (mEq/L)

3.9

4.0

0.370

Albumin (g/dL)

3.6

0.870

Total bilirubin (mg/dL)

1.0

1.1

0.447

AST (IU/L)

0.583

ALT (IU/L)

28.0

0.938

LDH (IU/L)

304

295

0.737

BUN (mg/dL)

21.5

18.0

0.086

Creatinine (mg/dL)

0.96

0.84

0.161

eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m²)

49.8

55.2

0.074

Hemoglobin (g/dL)

13.1

14.5

0.338

BNP (pg/mL)

605.8

767.6

0.754

CTR (%)

61.9

63.6

0.389

LAD (mm)

0.186

LVDd (mm)

0.741

LVDs (mm)

0.572

EF (%)

0.554

%FS (%)

0.486

**Table 3.** Blood Pressure and Heart Rate
	Baseline	After 2 h	P
BP was significantly reduced after administration only in group D. SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; HR heart rate.
Group D (n = 44)
SBP (mm Hg)	131.1 ± 23.7	121.1 ± 20.3	< 0.001
DBP (mm Hg)	81.4 ± 19.0	69.9 ± 13.3	< 0.001
HR (bpm)	135.6 ± 19.1	111.1 ± 26.1	< 0.001
Group L (n = 15)
SBP (mm Hg)	116	112	0.534
DBP (mm Hg)	70	64	0.443
HR (bpm)	132	98	< 0.001

Table 3. Blood Pressure and Heart Rate

Baseline

After 2 h

BP was significantly reduced after administration only in group D. SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; HR heart rate.

Group D (n = 44)

SBP (mm Hg)

131.1 ± 23.7

121.1 ± 20.3

< 0.001

DBP (mm Hg)

81.4 ± 19.0

69.9 ± 13.3

< 0.001

HR (bpm)

135.6 ± 19.1

111.1 ± 26.1

< 0.001

Group L (n = 15)

SBP (mm Hg)

116

112

0.534

DBP (mm Hg)

0.443

HR (bpm)

132

< 0.001