J Clin Med Res

Journal of Clinical Medicine Research, ISSN 1918-3003 print, 1918-3011 online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Clin Med Res and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website http://www.jocmr.org

Original Article

Volume 8, Number 9, September 2016, pages 650-655

Ultrasound Elastography Used for Preventive Non-Invasive Screening in Early Detection of Liver Fibrosis

Figure 1. Acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) measurement, with the flexible metering box (“measurement box” as size of region of interest (ROI), 10 mm long, 5 mm wide) is possible to localize a region of the liver for elastographic measurement at variable depths.

**Table 1.** Results of Native Ultrasound Scan of the Liver
Native ultrasound (US) results	Group (groups 1-6: N = 382)
Normal native US	Controls (N = 20); group 1 (N = 131)
Fatty liver grade I	Group 2 (N = 70)
Fatty liver grade II	Group 3 (N = 34)
Fatty liver grade III	Group 4 (N = 45)
Cirrhotic tissue	Group 5 (N = 43)
Inhomogenic tissue	Group 6 (N = 59)

Table 1. Results of Native Ultrasound Scan of the Liver

Native ultrasound (US) results

Group (groups 1-6: N = 382)

Normal native US

Controls (N = 20); group 1 (N = 131)

Fatty liver grade I

Group 2 (N = 70)

Fatty liver grade II

Group 3 (N = 34)

Fatty liver grade III

Group 4 (N = 45)

Cirrhotic tissue

Group 5 (N = 43)

Inhomogenic tissue

Group 6 (N = 59)

**Table 2.** Characteristics of Patients Shown as Mean ± Standard Deviation and Patients Distribution in Different Groups Divided by Native Ultrasound Scan and Patients Separated in Two Groups (Cirrhosis (F4) Versus Non-Cirrhosis (F0-3))
Characteristics	Total (without controls)	Groups 1-4	Group 5 (cirrhosis)	Group 6 (inhomogenic tissue)	Controls	Groups 1-6 (cirrhosis)	Groups 1-6 (non-cirrhosis)	P-value
P-values were obtained by the unpaired t-test.
Total	382	280	43	59	20	64	318
gender (male/female)	198/184	143/147	26/17	34/25	42653	35/28	163/155
Age (years)	56 ± 26	64 ± 28	62 ± 13	59 ± 15	52 ± 14	66 ± 16	53 ± 23	n.s.
BMI (kg/m²)	26 ± 6	29 ± 3	26 ± 4	25 ± 5	25 ± 3	26 ± 4	27 ± 3	n.s.
ALT (< 35 U/L)	80 ± 45	95 ± 33	58 ± 47	76 ± 54	45 ± 22	87 ± 47	53 ± 33	n.s.
Thrombocytes (170 - 440 × 10³/µL)	232 ± 113	245 ± 120	163 ± 114	280 ± 82	240 ± 112	163 ± 114	280 ± 82	< 0.001
F0-1	206 (19.90%)	199 ± 3 (70-79%)	0 (0%)	5 (9%)	20 (100%)		206 (19.90%)
F2	78 (22.41%)	48 ± 16 (11-23%)	1 (3%)	22 (38%)			78 (22.41%)
F3	34 (8.90%)	12 ± 7 (2-7%)	9 (22%)	11 (19%)			34 (8.90%)
F4	64 (16.75%)	11 ± 10 (1-8%)	33 (75%)	20 (34%)		64 (16.75%)

Table 2. Characteristics of Patients Shown as Mean ± Standard Deviation and Patients Distribution in Different Groups Divided by Native Ultrasound Scan and Patients Separated in Two Groups (Cirrhosis (F4) Versus Non-Cirrhosis (F0-3))

Characteristics

Total (without controls)

Groups 1-4

Group 5 (cirrhosis)

Group 6 (inhomogenic tissue)

Controls

Groups 1-6 (cirrhosis)

Groups 1-6 (non-cirrhosis)

P-value

P-values were obtained by the unpaired t-test.

Total

382

280

318

gender (male/female)

198/184

143/147

26/17

34/25

42653

35/28

163/155

Age (years)

56 ± 26

64 ± 28

62 ± 13

59 ± 15

52 ± 14

66 ± 16

53 ± 23

n.s.

BMI (kg/m²)

26 ± 6

29 ± 3

26 ± 4

25 ± 5

25 ± 3

26 ± 4

27 ± 3

n.s.

ALT (< 35 U/L)

80 ± 45

95 ± 33

58 ± 47

76 ± 54

45 ± 22

87 ± 47

53 ± 33

n.s.

Thrombocytes (170 - 440 × 10³/µL)

232 ± 113

245 ± 120

163 ± 114

280 ± 82

240 ± 112

163 ± 114

280 ± 82

< 0.001

F0-1

206 (19.90%)

199 ± 3 (70-79%)

0 (0%)

5 (9%)

20 (100%)

206 (19.90%)

78 (22.41%)

48 ± 16 (11-23%)

1 (3%)

22 (38%)

78 (22.41%)

34 (8.90%)

12 ± 7 (2-7%)

9 (22%)

11 (19%)

34 (8.90%)

64 (16.75%)

11 ± 10 (1-8%)

33 (75%)

20 (34%)

64 (16.75%)

**Table 3.** Distribution of Patients With Elevated SWV (F2-4): Main Causes
	Group 1 (N = 33)	Group 2 (N = 22)	Group 3 (N = 9)	Group 4 (N = 13)	Group 5 (N = 43)	Group 6 (N = 53)
ASH	0	8	2	5	10	18
Hepatitis B/C	3	0	1	2	3	3
Heart failure	7	3	1	1	3	5
NASH	0	9	4	3	16	15
AIH/PBC/PSC	3	0	0	0	4	3
Unknown	20	2	1	2	7	9

Table 3. Distribution of Patients With Elevated SWV (F2-4): Main Causes

Group 1 (N = 33)

Group 2 (N = 22)

Group 3 (N = 9)

Group 4 (N = 13)

Group 5 (N = 43)

Group 6 (N = 53)

ASH

Hepatitis B/C

Heart failure

NASH

AIH/PBC/PSC

Unknown