Figure 1. Receiver operating characteristic curve comparisons between deviation and validation data using blood transfusion scoring system.
| Journal of Clinical Medicine Research, ISSN 1918-3003 print, 1918-3011 online, Open Access |
| Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Clin Med Res and Elmer Press Inc |
| Journal website http://www.jocmr.org |
Original Article
Volume 8, Number 8, August 2016, pages 591-597
A Derivation and Validation Study of an Early Blood Transfusion Needs Score for Severe Trauma Patients
Figure
Tables
| Patients receiving blood transfusions (N = 784) | Patients not receiving blood transfusions (N = 23,494) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| N: number; ED: emergency department; SD: standard deviation; IQR: interquartile range. | |||
| Age (mean, SD), years | 40 (18) | 40 (18) | 0.44 |
| Gender (male), n (%) | 604 (77) | 17,123 (73) | 0.01 |
| Race/ethnicity, n (%) | 0.09 | ||
| Black | 119 (15) | 3,702 (16) | |
| White | 455 (58) | 12,830 (55) | |
| Hispanic | 159 (20) | 5,747 (24) | |
| Mode of arrival, n (%) | < 0.01 | ||
| Ambulance/helicopter | 739 (94) | 17,953 (76) | |
| Private vehicle | 42 (5.4) | 5,183 (22) | |
| Type of injury, n (%) | < 0.01 | ||
| Blunt | 530 (68) | 20,005 (85) | |
| Penetrating | 254 (32) | 3,289 (14) | |
| ED vital signs, mean (SD) | < 0.01 | ||
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 85 (45) | 133 (29) | |
| Heart rate (bpm) | 94 (45) | 89 (23) | |
| Glasgow coma scale, mean (SD) | 9 (5) | 14 (3) | < 0.01 |
| ED revised trauma scale | < 0.01 | ||
| Mean (SD) | 4.94 (2.71) | 7.43 (1.28) | |
| Median (IQR) | 5.66 (2.93 - 7.84) | 7.84 (7.84 - 7.84) | |
| ED injury severity scale | < 0.01 | ||
| Mean (SD) | 27 (18) | 11 (10) | |
| Median (IQR) | 25 (14 - 35) | 9 (4 - 16) | |
| Unadjusted odds ratios (95% CI) | Adjusted odds ratios (95% CI) | C-statistics | |
|---|---|---|---|
| CI: confidence interval; ED: emergency department; SBP: systolic blood pressure; GCS: Glasgow coma scale. | |||
| Age | 1.14 (0.98 - 1.34) | 1.02 (1.01 - 1.03) | 0.53 |
| Penetrating injury | 2.90 (2.34 - 3.60) | 2.07 (1.59 - 2.71) | 0.59 |
| ED pulse | 1.01 (1.00 - 1.01) | 1.03 (1.03 - 1.04) | 0.60 |
| ED GCS | 0.79 (0.78 - 0.81) | 0.85 (0.83 - 0.87) | 0.78 |
| ED SBP | 0.97 (0.97 - 0.97) | 0.97 (0.96 - 0.97) | 0.85 |
| The final model | 0.90 | ||
| Risk factors | Score |
|---|---|
| Age (years) | |
| 0 - 55 | 0 |
| 56 - 70 | 1 |
| > 70 | 2 |
| Type of injury | |
| Penetrating injury | 2 |
| Non-penetrating injury | 0 |
| Pulse (beats/min) | |
| < 60 | -4 |
| 60 - 119 | 0 |
| ≥ 120 | 3 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | |
| < 90 | 7 |
| ≥ 90 | 0 |
| Glasgow coma scale | |
| 3 - 8 | 3 |
| 9 - 13 | 1 |
| 14 - 15 | 0 |
| Total score | -4-17 |