J Clin Med Res

Journal of Clinical Medicine Research, ISSN 1918-3003 print, 1918-3011 online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Clin Med Res and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website http://www.jocmr.org

Original Article

Volume 2, Number 1, February 2010, pages 27-33

The Value of Patient-administered Depression Rating Scale in Detecting Cognitive Deficits in Depressed Patients

**Table 1.** The factor Structure and Lodgings and Factors Cronbach’s α for the TDQ
	Factor 1	Factor 2	Factor 3
Factor 1 : Cognitive
3. I felt more agitated than before	.46	.07	-0.09
9. I felt upset	.64	-.18	.19
10. I had poor memory	.63	-.02	.04
11. I could not concentrate when doing things	.50	-.11	.01
12. I was slower in thinking and doing things than before	.68	.04	-.22
13. I felt less confident than before	.74	.16	-.31
14. I tended to look at the dark side of everything	.64	.10	-.19
15. I felt miserable and even want to die	.43	-.02	.18
18. I felt worthless	.65	-.38	.63

Cronbach’s α	.86

Factor 2: Affective
1. I often felt like crying	-.14	.40	-.18
2. I felt blue and depressed	.24	.89	-.52
5. I had poor appetite	.05	.50	.37
7. I felt uneasy, uncomfortable	-.13	.64	.32
8. I felt tired and weak (“Xu”, “mo wan qi”)	.23	.68	-.11
16. I lost interest in everything	.32	.48	.13
17. I felt sick. (Headache, dizziness, palpitation, or abdominal distress)	.00	.59	.39

Cronbach’s α		.95

Factor 3: somatic
4. I had trouble in sleeping...	-.12	.15	.72
6. I frequently had chest tightness(“sim-guan-tau-bang-bang”)	-.25	.36	.63

Cronbach’s α			.87

Table 1. The factor Structure and Lodgings and Factors Cronbach’s α for the TDQ

Factor 1

Factor 2

Factor 3

Cognitive

Affective

Somatic

Factor 1 : Cognitive

3. I felt more agitated than before

.46

.07

-0.09

9. I felt upset

.64

-.18

.19

10. I had poor memory

.63

-.02

.04

11. I could not concentrate when doing things

.50

-.11

.01

12. I was slower in thinking and doing things than before

.68

.04

-.22

13. I felt less confident than before

.74

.16

-.31

14. I tended to look at the dark side of everything

.64

.10

-.19

15. I felt miserable and even want to die

.43

-.02

.18

18. I felt worthless

.65

-.38

.63

Cronbach’s α

.86

Factor 2: Affective

1. I often felt like crying

-.14

.40

-.18

2. I felt blue and depressed

.24

.89

-.52

5. I had poor appetite

.05

.50

.37

7. I felt uneasy, uncomfortable

-.13

.64

.32

8. I felt tired and weak (“Xu”, “mo wan qi”)

.23

.68

-.11

16. I lost interest in everything

.32

.48

.13

17. I felt sick. (Headache, dizziness, palpitation, or abdominal distress)

.00

.59

.39

Cronbach’s α

.95

Factor 3: somatic

4. I had trouble in sleeping...

-.12

.15

.72

6. I frequently had chest tightness(“sim-guan-tau-bang-bang”)

-.25

.36

.63

Cronbach’s α

.87

**Table 2.** Demographic Data and Neuropsychological Measures for Patients and Controls
	Major Depression	Normal Controls	Z	Sig.
^p < 0.05 (two-tailed); ^*p < 0.01 (two-tailed). ^aHAM-D-17: 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression; WMS-R: Wechsler Memory Scale–Revised; CPT: Continuous Performance Test; FTT: Finger Tapping Test, SCWT: Stroop color-word test. ^bMann-Whitney U test was used to compare the ages and variables of cognitive measurement in both groups. Cross table chi-square was used to compare the sex, education level, and marital status. ^cSignificance at the study-wise type I error rate of 0.05 (2-tailed) after adjustment. P value with Hochberg’s Sharpened Bonferroni correction.
Sex
Male		5		10		.09
Female		14		9
Educational level
Below junior high school		4		0		.11
Above junior high school		15		19
Marital status
Married		8		12		.33
Single		11		7
Age	33.16 ± 9.77	19	36.05 ± 7.91	19	-.86	.40
HRSD-17	21.47 ± 5.00	19	0.33 ± 0.76	19	-5.35	**
WMS-R
Verbal MEM.I	80.08 ± 18.06	19	93.25 ± 10.76	19	-2.38	*
Visual MEM.I	87.58 ± 24.13	19	115.25 ± 13.95	19	-2.71	**
General MEM.I	84.42 ± 22.84	19	100.00 ± 9.38	19	-2.43	*
Attention/Concentration	102.42 ± 8.71	19	101.14 ± 10.25	19	-0.77	.45
Delayed Recall I	90.07 ± 19.13	19	108.07 ± 11.99	19	-2.86	**
FTT
Dominant hand	35.63 ± 14.86	19	61.46 ± 10.63	19	-3.81	**
SCWT
Test time	118.8 ± 76.87	19	70.85 ± 20.27	19	-2.42	*
CPT
d’ MASKED	3.83 ± .91	19	3.70 ± .91	19	-.41	.71

Table 2. Demographic Data and Neuropsychological Measures for Patients and Controls

Major Depression

Normal Controls

Sig.

Mean ± SD

^*p < 0.05 (two-tailed); ^**p < 0.01 (two-tailed). ^aHAM-D-17: 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression; WMS-R: Wechsler Memory Scale–Revised; CPT: Continuous Performance Test; FTT: Finger Tapping Test, SCWT: Stroop color-word test. ^bMann-Whitney U test was used to compare the ages and variables of cognitive measurement in both groups. Cross table chi-square was used to compare the sex, education level, and marital status. ^cSignificance at the study-wise type I error rate of 0.05 (2-tailed) after adjustment. P value with Hochberg’s Sharpened Bonferroni correction.

Sex

Male

.09

Female

Educational level

Below junior high school

.11

Above junior high school

Marital status

Married

.33

Single

Age

33.16 ± 9.77

36.05 ± 7.91

-.86

.40

HRSD-17

21.47 ± 5.00

0.33 ± 0.76

-5.35

WMS-R

Verbal MEM.I

80.08 ± 18.06

93.25 ± 10.76

-2.38

Visual MEM.I

87.58 ± 24.13

115.25 ± 13.95

-2.71

General MEM.I

84.42 ± 22.84

100.00 ± 9.38

-2.43

Attention/Concentration

102.42 ± 8.71

101.14 ± 10.25

-0.77

.45

Delayed Recall I

90.07 ± 19.13

108.07 ± 11.99

-2.86

FTT

Dominant hand

35.63 ± 14.86

61.46 ± 10.63

-3.81

SCWT

Test time

118.8 ± 76.87

70.85 ± 20.27

-2.42

CPT

d’ MASKED

3.83 ± .91

3.70 ± .91

-.41

.71

**Table 3.** Neurocognitive Performance versus HRSD Scores and Principal Components, Partial Correlation Controlling for Age
	Sum	Factor 1	Factor 2	Factor 3
^*p < 0.05 (two-tailed). ^aWMS-R: Wechsler Memory Scale–Revised; CPT: Continuous Performance Test; FTT: Finger Tapping Test, SCWT: Stroop color-word test. ^bFactor 1: insomnia/hypochondriasis factor; Factor 2: anxiety factor; Factor 3: core depression factor.
WMSR
Verbal MEM.I	-.50	-.40	-.06	-.30
Visual MEM.I	.17	-.07	-.10	-.44
General MEM.I	-.49	-.62^*	.00	-.41
Attention/Concentration I	.37	-.01	-.10	.07
Delayed Recall I	-.28	-.13	-.01	-.50
FTT
Dominant hand	.42	.05	.55	-.57^*
SCWT
Test time	.14	-.32	.06	-.15
CPT
d’ MASK	-.52	-.51	.02	-.46

Table 3. Neurocognitive Performance versus HRSD Scores and Principal Components, Partial Correlation Controlling for Age

Sum

Factor 1

Factor 2

Factor 3

(r)

^*p < 0.05 (two-tailed). ^aWMS-R: Wechsler Memory Scale–Revised; CPT: Continuous Performance Test; FTT: Finger Tapping Test, SCWT: Stroop color-word test. ^bFactor 1: insomnia/hypochondriasis factor; Factor 2: anxiety factor; Factor 3: core depression factor.

WMSR

Verbal MEM.I

-.50

-.40

-.06

-.30

Visual MEM.I

.17

-.07

-.10

-.44

General MEM.I

-.49

-.62^*

.00

-.41

Attention/Concentration I

.37

-.01

-.10

.07

Delayed Recall I

-.28

-.13

-.01

-.50

FTT

Dominant hand

.42

.05

.55

-.57^*

SCWT

Test time

.14

-.32

.06

-.15

CPT

d’ MASK

-.52

-.51

.02

-.46

**Table 4.** Neurocognitive Performance versus TDQ Scores and Principal Components, Partial Correlation Controlling for Age
	Sum	Cognitive Factor	Affective Factor	Somatic Factor
^p < 0.05 (two-tailed); ^p < 0.01 (two-tailed); ^**p < 0.001 (two-tailed). aWMS-R: Wechsler Memory Scale–Revised; CPT: Continuous Performance Test; FTT: Finger Tapping Test, SCWT: Stroop color-word test.
WMSR
Verbal MEM.I	-.50	-.31	-.78^**	.33
Visual MEM.I	.17	.06	-.07	.68^*
General MEM.I	-.49	-.39	-.63^*	.34
Attention/Concentration I	.37	.59	-.09	.54
Delayed Recall I	-.28	-.08	-.53	.43
FTT
Dominant hand	.42	.22	-.08	.63
SCWT
Test time	.14	-.11	-.46	.92^***
CPT
d’ MASK	-.52	-.61	-.58	-.19

Table 4. Neurocognitive Performance versus TDQ Scores and Principal Components, Partial Correlation Controlling for Age

Sum

Cognitive Factor

Affective Factor

Somatic Factor

(r)

^*p < 0.05 (two-tailed); ^**p < 0.01 (two-tailed); ^***p < 0.001 (two-tailed). aWMS-R: Wechsler Memory Scale–Revised; CPT: Continuous Performance Test; FTT: Finger Tapping Test, SCWT: Stroop color-word test.

WMSR

Verbal MEM.I

-.50

-.31

-.78^**

.33

Visual MEM.I

.17

.06

-.07

.68^*

General MEM.I

-.49

-.39

-.63^*

.34

Attention/Concentration I

.37

.59

-.09

.54

Delayed Recall I

-.28

-.08

-.53

.43

FTT

Dominant hand

.42

.22

-.08

.63

SCWT

Test time

.14

-.11

-.46

.92^***

CPT

d’ MASK

-.52

-.61

-.58

-.19

**Table 5.** Change in Neurocognitive Performance versus Change in TDQ Scores and Principal Components, Partial Correlation Controlling for Age
	Sum	Cognitive Factor	Affective Factor	Somatic Factor
^p < 0.05 (two-tailed); ^p < 0.01 (two-tailed); ^**p < 0.001 (two-tailed). aWMS-R: Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised; FTT: Finger Tapping Test, SCWT: Stroop color-word test.
WMSR
Verbal MEM.I	.84	.64	-.11	.91
Visual MEM.I	-.66	-.80	-0.11	1.00^***
General MEM.I	1.00^**	-.01	-.89	1.00^***
Attention/Concentration I	-.13	.28	-1.00***	.63
Delayed Recall I	.64	.43	-.50	1.00^***
FTT
Dominant hand	.29	-.19	1.00^***	1.00^***
SCWT
Test time	.29	.19	-.40	1.00^***
CPT
d’ MASK	-1.00^**	-.61	-.58	-.19

Table 5. Change in Neurocognitive Performance versus Change in TDQ Scores and Principal Components, Partial Correlation Controlling for Age

Sum

Cognitive Factor

Affective Factor

Somatic Factor

(r)

^*p < 0.05 (two-tailed); ^**p < 0.01 (two-tailed); ^***p < 0.001 (two-tailed). aWMS-R: Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised; FTT: Finger Tapping Test, SCWT: Stroop color-word test.

WMSR

Verbal MEM.I

.84

.64

-.11

.91

Visual MEM.I

-.66

-.80

-0.11

1.00^***

General MEM.I

1.00^**

-.01

-.89

1.00^***

Attention/Concentration I

-.13

.28

-1.00***

.63

Delayed Recall I

.64

.43

-.50

1.00^***

FTT

Dominant hand

.29

-.19

1.00^***

SCWT

Test time

.29

.19

-.40

1.00^***

CPT

d’ MASK

-1.00^**

-.61

-.58

-.19