J Clin Med Res

Journal of Clinical Medicine Research, ISSN 1918-3003 print, 1918-3011 online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Clin Med Res and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website http://www.jocmr.org

Original Article

Volume 1, Number 1, April 2009, pages 40-44

Carotid Atherosclerosis in Ischemic Cerebrovascular Patients

**Table 1.** Baseline clinical features of the patients
	Patients	Controls	P value
IMT: intima-media thickness; BMI: body mass index; M: male; F: female; T-Ch: total cholesterol ; TG: triglyceride; HDL: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
Number	138	100
Age	63.76 ± 10.79	61.41 ± 11.53	> 0.05
BMI	25.28 ± 4.61	25.39 ± 2.81	> 0.05
M/F	95/43	61/39	> 0.05
Hypertension	99 (71.74%)	55 (55%)	< 0.01
Systolic pressure	150.85 ± 24.64	140.27 ± 22.34	< 0.01
Diastolic pressure	87.46 ± 14.29	83.47 ± 12.07	< 0.05
T-Ch	4.85 ± 1.13	4.99 ± 1.0	> 0.05
TG	1.85 ± 2.16	1.65 ± 1.35	> 0.05
HDL	1.13 ± 0.34	1.26 ± 0.37	< 0.05
LDL	2.93 ± 0.89	3.07 ± 0.90	> 0.05
Urea	5.50 ± 2.05	4.71 ± 1.14	< 0.01
Creatinine	99.61 ± 22.15	88.13 ± 19.27	< 0.001
Diabetes history	33 (23.91%)	15 (15%)	> 0.05
Glucose	5.78 ± 2.08	5.07 ± 1.74	< 0.05

Table 1. Baseline clinical features of the patients

Patients

Controls

P value

IMT: intima-media thickness; BMI: body mass index; M: male; F: female; T-Ch: total cholesterol ; TG: triglyceride; HDL: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.

Number

138

100

Age

63.76 ± 10.79

61.41 ± 11.53

> 0.05

BMI

25.28 ± 4.61

25.39 ± 2.81

> 0.05

M/F

95/43

61/39

> 0.05

Hypertension

99 (71.74%)

55 (55%)

< 0.01

Systolic pressure

150.85 ± 24.64

140.27 ± 22.34

< 0.01

Diastolic pressure

87.46 ± 14.29

83.47 ± 12.07

< 0.05

T-Ch

4.85 ± 1.13

4.99 ± 1.0

> 0.05

1.85 ± 2.16

1.65 ± 1.35

> 0.05

HDL

1.13 ± 0.34

1.26 ± 0.37

< 0.05

LDL

2.93 ± 0.89

3.07 ± 0.90

> 0.05

Urea

5.50 ± 2.05

4.71 ± 1.14

< 0.01

Creatinine

99.61 ± 22.15

88.13 ± 19.27

< 0.001

Diabetes history

33 (23.91%)

15 (15%)

> 0.05

Glucose

5.78 ± 2.08

5.07 ± 1.74

< 0.05

**Table 2.** The atherosclerosis of cerebral ischemic patients
Group	N	Sum of carotid plaques	Left carotid plaques	Right carotid plaques	Right carotid IMT	Sum of femoral plauqes	Right femoral IMT
Student' t-test, * p < 0.05, p < 0.01, * p < 0.001
Controls	100	3.40 ± 4.50***	1.59 ± 2.46***	1.81 ± 2.71**	0.82 ± 0.24**	1.79 ± 3.64*	0.82 ± 0.20**
Patients	138	6.22 ± 5.87	3.21 ± 3.37	3.01 ± 3.14	0.91 ± 0.19	3.53 ± 3.90	0.96 ± 0.24

Table 2. The atherosclerosis of cerebral ischemic patients

Group

Sum of carotid plaques

Left carotid plaques

Right carotid plaques

Right carotid IMT

Sum of femoral plauqes

Right femoral IMT

Student' t-test, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001

Controls

100

3.40 ± 4.50***

1.59 ± 2.46***

1.81 ± 2.71**

0.82 ± 0.24**

1.79 ± 3.64*

0.82 ± 0.20**

Patients

138

6.22 ± 5.87

3.21 ± 3.37

3.01 ± 3.14

0.91 ± 0.19

3.53 ± 3.90

0.96 ± 0.24

**Table 3.** The grade of the plaques in the patients and controls
Grade of plaques	Study	Control
Ridit analysis, 95% confidence interval (CI) of the patients with ischemic events: 0.6646-0.4894, 95% CI of the controls: 0.4969-0.2911.
0 (or < 1)	21 (15.22%)	42 (42%)
1 (1.1-5)	46 (33.33%)	34 (34%)
2 (5.1-10)	36 (26.09%)	13 (13%)
3 (> 10)	35 (25.36%)	11 (11%)

Table 3. The grade of the plaques in the patients and controls

Grade of plaques

Study

Control

Ridit analysis, 95% confidence interval (CI) of the patients with ischemic events: 0.6646-0.4894, 95% CI of the controls: 0.4969-0.2911.

0 (or < 1)

21 (15.22%)

42 (42%)

1 (1.1-5)

46 (33.33%)

34 (34%)

2 (5.1-10)

36 (26.09%)

13 (13%)

3 (> 10)

35 (25.36%)

11 (11%)

**Table 4.** Atherosclerotic plaques of right carotid in acute cerebral ischemic patients
Group	N	Right common carotid (n)	Right internal carotid (n)
Chi-square analysis, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, controls vs patients.
Controls	100	46*	16/12**	18	11**	3/2*	6
Patients	138	83	42/28	13	34	15/13	6

Table 4. Atherosclerotic plaques of right carotid in acute cerebral ischemic patients

Group

Right common carotid (n)

Right internal carotid (n)

with plaque

soft/mixed

hard

with plaque

soft/mixed

hard

Chi-square analysis, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, controls vs patients.

Controls

100

46*

16/12**

11**

3/2*

Patients

138

42/28

15/13

**Table 5.** Atherosclerotic plaques of left carotid in acute cerebral ischemic patients
Group	N	Left common carotid (N)	Left internal carotid (N)
Chi-square analysis, p < 0.01, * p < 0.001, patients versus control.
Controls	100	36***	8/11*	17	13	3/5	5
Patients	138	98	50/35	13	32	11/13	8

Table 5. Atherosclerotic plaques of left carotid in acute cerebral ischemic patients

Group

Left common carotid (N)

Left internal carotid (N)

with plaque

soft/mixed

hard

with plaque

soft/mixed

hard

Chi-square analysis, **p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, patients versus control.

Controls

100

36***

8**/11***

3/5

Patients

138

50/35

11/13