| Journal of Clinical Medicine Research, ISSN 1918-3003 print, 1918-3011 online, Open Access |
| Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Clin Med Res and Elmer Press Inc |
| Journal website http://www.jocmr.org |
Original Article
Volume 5, Number 5, October 2013, pages 389-394
Antimicrobial Activity of Common Mouthwash Solutions on Multidrug-Resistance Bacterial Biofilms
Tables
| Mouthwash | Active ingredients | pH |
|---|---|---|
| A | Cetylpyridinium chloride 0.05% w/w, sodium fluoride 0.05% w/w | 6.3 |
| B | Sodium bicarbonate 2% w/v, sodium benzoate | 8.4 |
| C | Chlorhxidine gluconate 0.2% w/v | 3.9 |
| D | Potassium aluminum sulphate 0.1%, Chlorhexidine gluconate 0.1% w/v, ethanol (96%) 10%, Menthol crystals 0.045% | 1.9 |
| E | Chlorhexidine gluconate 0.2% w/v, ethanol 7.9% | 5.7 |
| F | Chlorhexidine gluconate 0.2% w/v | 5.4 |
| G | Hexetidine 0.1% w/v | 3.1 |
| H | Povidone -iodine 1% w/v | 2.5 |
| I | Eucalyptol 0.092%, Menthol 0.042%, Methylsalicylate 0.060%, thymol 0.064% | 4.1 |
| Species | Product | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Values are presented as mean ± SD of 3 experiments. | ||||||||||
| E. coli | Planktonic | 1.3 ± 0.46 | 33.3 ± 14.43 | 2.6 ± 0.92 | 20.9 ± 7.16 | 7.3 ± 4.67 | 5.6 ± 8.52 | 10.4 ± 3.58 | 50.0 ± 0.00 | 12.5 ± 0.00 |
| Biofilm | 16.7 ± 7.16 | 50.0 ± 0.00 | - | 41.7 ± 14.43 | 50.0 ± 0.00 | 16.7 ± 7.22 | 14.6 ± 9.53 | - | 12.5 ± 0.00 | |
| S. aureus | Planktonic | 0.7 ± 0.23 | 41.7 ± 14.40 | 16.7 ± 7.22 | 25.0 ± 0.00 | 1.3 ± 0.47 | 1.8 ± 1.22 | 2.3 ± 1.33 | - | 8.3 ± 3.61 |
| Biofilm | 20.9 ± 7.16 | 33.3 ± 14.43 | 25.0 ± 0.00 | 25 ± 0.00 | 25.0 ± 0.00 | 25.0 ± 0.00 | 29.2 ± 19.09 | - | 50.0 ± 0.00 | |
| E. faecalis | Planktonic | 16.7 ± 7.16 | 25.0 ± 0.00 | 0.6 ± 0.20 | 33.3 ± 14.43 | 2.6 ± 0.92 | 2.4 ± 1.39 | 2.6 ± 0.92 | 50.0 ± 0.00 | 12.5 ± 10.83 |
| Biofilm | 10.5 ± 3.70 | 50.0 ± 0.00 | 29.2 ± 19.09 | 41.7 ± 14.43 | 41.7 ± 14.43 | 25.0 ± 0.00 | 33.3 ± 14.43 | - | - | |
| P. aeruginosa | Planktonic | - | 33.3 ± 14.43 | 33.3 ± 14.43 | 33.3 ± 14.43 | 7.3 ± 4.76 | 8.3 ± 3.61 | 50.0 ± 0.00 | 50.0 ± 0.00 | 20.8 ± 7.22 |
| Biofilm | 50.0 ± 0.00 | - | 41.7 ± 14.43 | 50.0 ± 0.00 | 18.8 ± 10.83 | 18.75 ± 10.8 | 50.0 ± 0.00 | 50.0 ± 0.00 | 33.3 ± 14.43 | |
| MRSA | Planktonic | 6.2 ± 0.00 | 16.7 ± 7.22 | 1.9 ± 0.46 | 1.1 ± 0.46 | 3.2 ± 0.00 | 1.8 ± 1.22 | 1.1 ± 0.40 | - | 50.0 ± 0.00 |
| Biofilm | - | 33.3 ± 14.43 | 7.3 ± 4.77 | 8.3 ± 3.70 | 16.7 ± 7.22 | 41.7 ± 14.43 | 16.7 ± 7.22 | - | - | |
| S. epidermidis | Planktonic | 5.1 ± 1.85 | 20.8 ± 7.22 | 0.6 ± 0.20 | 16.7 ± 7.16 | 1.1 ± 0.46 | 1.6 ± 0.00 | 0.7 ± 0.23 | 16.7 ± 7.22 | - |
| Biofilm | 6.2 ± 0.00 | 25.0 ± 0.00 | 29.2 ± 19.09 | 41.7 ± 14.43 | 25.0 ± 0.00 | 50.0 ± 000 | 29.1 ± 19.09 | 41.7 ± 14.43 | - | |
| A. baumannii | Planktonic | 33.3 ± 14.43 | 25.0 ± 21.65 | 1.1 ± 0.46 | 2.5 ± 0.81 | 1.6 ± 0.00 | 3.9 ± 3.42 | 4.2 ± 1.85 | - | 25.0 ± 0.00 |
| Biofilm | 41.7 ± 14.43 | 41.7 ± 14.43 | 41.7 ± 14.43 | 8.3 ± 3.70 | 50.0 ± 0.00 | 50.0 ± 0.00 | 41.7 ± 14.43 | - | - | |
| P. mirabilis | Planktonic | 33.3 ± 14.43 | 33.3 ± 14.43 | 1.6 ± 1.39 | 25.0 ± 0.00 | 1.8 ± 1.22 | 1.8 ± 1.22 | - | 50.0 ± 0.00 | 41.7 ± 14.43 |
| Biofilm | 25.0 ± 0.00 | 50.0 ± 0.00 | - | 41.7 ± 14.43 | - | - | - | - | - | |
| S. pyogrnes | Planktonic | 1.9 ± 1.22 | 50.0 ± 0.00 | 10.4 ± 3.61 | 2.5 ± 0.81 | 41.7 ± 14.4 | 6.7 ± 7.63 | 2.9 ± 2.99 | 25.0 ± 0.00 | - |
| Biofilm | 50.0 ± 0.00 | - | 33.3 ± 14.43 | 25.1 ± 21.59 | 33.3 ± 14.43 | 25.0 ± 21.65 | 27.1 ± 21.93 | 23.3 ± 2.89 | - | |
| K. pneumoniae | Planktonic | - | 29.2 ± 19.09 | 2.1 ± 0.92 | 33.3 ± 14.43 | 12.5 ± 0.00 | - | 1.6 ± 1.33 | 50.0 ± 0.00 | 50.0 ± 0.00 |
| Biofilm | - | 50.0 ± 0.00 | - | 25.0 ± 0.00 | 41.7 ± 14.43 | - | 50.0 ± 0.00 | - | - | |