J Clin Med Res

Journal of Clinical Medicine Research, ISSN 1918-3003 print, 1918-3011 online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Clin Med Res and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website http://www.jocmr.org

Original Article

Volume 4, Number 4, August 2012, pages 279-285

The Relationship of Metabolic Syndrome With Disease Activity and the Functional Status in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis

**Table 1.** Demographic Features and Laboratory Findings of the RA and Control Groups
	Rheumatoid Arthritis	Controls	p
F: Female; M: Male; BMI: Body mass index, RF: Rheumatoid Factor, CRP: C-Reactive Protein, LDL: Low Density Lipoprotein, ESR: Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate.
Age	49.76 ± 11.15	47.05 ± 9.75	0.188
Sex (M/F)	47/7	43/9	0.530
BMI	29.4	27.9	0.325
Duration of RA (years)	7.6
RF (IU/ml)	114.37 ± 171.27	12.23 ± 3.88	0.001
CRP (mg/dl)	2.53 ± 3.78	0.60 ± 1.36	0.001
ESR (mm/h)	33.57 ± 22.91	13.81 ± 10.89	0.000
Leukocytes	8.95 ± 68.90	6.36 ± 0.44	0.000
Platelets	299.26 ± 86.78	240.85 ± 77.84	0.000
Albumin	3.68 ± 0.42	4.17 ± 0.34	0.000
Globulin	3.48 ± 0.57	3.17 ± 0.32	0.004
Total cholesterol (mg/dl)	190.70 ± 48.28	170.79 ± 31.38	0.014
LDL cholesterol (mg/dl)	111.21 ± 37.88	106.20 ± 30.17	0.454

Table 1. Demographic Features and Laboratory Findings of the RA and Control Groups

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Controls

F: Female; M: Male; BMI: Body mass index, RF: Rheumatoid Factor, CRP: C-Reactive Protein, LDL: Low Density Lipoprotein, ESR: Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate.

Age

49.76 ± 11.15

47.05 ± 9.75

0.188

Sex (M/F)

47/7

43/9

0.530

BMI

29.4

27.9

0.325

Duration of RA (years)

7.6

RF (IU/ml)

114.37 ± 171.27

12.23 ± 3.88

0.001

CRP (mg/dl)

2.53 ± 3.78

0.60 ± 1.36

0.001

ESR (mm/h)

33.57 ± 22.91

13.81 ± 10.89

0.000

Leukocytes

8.95 ± 68.90

6.36 ± 0.44

0.000

Platelets

299.26 ± 86.78

240.85 ± 77.84

0.000

Albumin

3.68 ± 0.42

4.17 ± 0.34

0.000

Globulin

3.48 ± 0.57

3.17 ± 0.32

0.004

Total cholesterol (mg/dl)

190.70 ± 48.28

170.79 ± 31.38

0.014

LDL cholesterol (mg/dl)

111.21 ± 37.88

106.20 ± 30.17

0.454

**Table 2.** The Ratio of MS and the Mean MS Parameters in the RA and Control Groups
	Romatoid Arthritis	Controls	p
HDL: High Density Lipoprotein, MS: Metabolic Syndrome
MS (%)	23 (42.6%)	5 (9.6%)	0.000
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	122.59 ± 17.58	108.85 ± 24.04	0.001
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	76.85 ± 11.91	70.48 ± 13.44	0.011
HDL cholesterol (mg/dl)	50.61 ± 12.27	48.40 ± 9.84	0.308
Triglycerides (mg/dl)	154.22 ± 105.22	135.62 ± 103.17	0.36
Fasting blood glucose (mg/dl)	99.11 ± 19.22	101.13 ± 21.32	0.608
Waist circumference (cm)	92.13 ± 17.04	91.73 ± 15.60	0.9

Table 2. The Ratio of MS and the Mean MS Parameters in the RA and Control Groups

Romatoid Arthritis

Controls

HDL: High Density Lipoprotein, MS: Metabolic Syndrome

MS (%)

23 (42.6%)

5 (9.6%)

0.000

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

122.59 ± 17.58

108.85 ± 24.04

0.001

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

76.85 ± 11.91

70.48 ± 13.44

0.011

HDL cholesterol (mg/dl)

50.61 ± 12.27

48.40 ± 9.84

0.308

Triglycerides (mg/dl)

154.22 ± 105.22

135.62 ± 103.17

0.36

Fasting blood glucose (mg/dl)

99.11 ± 19.22

101.13 ± 21.32

0.608

Waist circumference (cm)

92.13 ± 17.04

91.73 ± 15.60

0.9

**Table 3.** The Demographic and Laboratory Parameters of the MS (+/-) RA Patients
	MS positive	MS negative	p-value
RA: Rheumatoid Arthritis, MS: Metabolic Syndrome, RF: Rheumatoid Factor, CRP: C-Reactive Protein, ESR: Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate, Anti-CCP: Anti-Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide, DAS-28: Disease Activity Score, VAS: Visual Analogue Scale
Age (years)	55.70 ± 9.55	45.35 ± 10.28	< 0.0001
CRP (mg/dl)	2.61 ± 4.28	2.49 ± 3.43	0.906
RF (IU/dl)	58.36 ± 55.77	154.38 ± 211.88	0.055
Anti-CCP (U/dl)	389.49 ± 396.42	322.43 ± 352.88	0.571
Leukocytes	9.12 ± 2.56	8.46 ± 1.99	0.07
ESR (mm/h)	31.39 ± 21.07	35.19 ± 24.40	0.552
Disease duration	10.74 ± 10.73	6.76 ± 4.97	0.49
DAS-28	3.68 ± 1.41	3.88 ± 1.50	0.627
VAS (cm)	3.91 ± 2.09	3.50 ± 2.28	0.499

Table 3. The Demographic and Laboratory Parameters of the MS (+/-) RA Patients

MS positive

MS negative

p-value

Age (years)

55.70 ± 9.55

45.35 ± 10.28

< 0.0001

CRP (mg/dl)

2.61 ± 4.28

2.49 ± 3.43

0.906

RF (IU/dl)

58.36 ± 55.77

154.38 ± 211.88

0.055

Anti-CCP (U/dl)

389.49 ± 396.42

322.43 ± 352.88

0.571

Leukocytes

9.12 ± 2.56

8.46 ± 1.99

0.07

ESR (mm/h)

31.39 ± 21.07

35.19 ± 24.40

0.552

Disease duration

10.74 ± 10.73

6.76 ± 4.97

0.49

DAS-28

3.68 ± 1.41

3.88 ± 1.50

0.627

VAS (cm)

3.91 ± 2.09

3.50 ± 2.28

0.499

**Table 4.** Correlation Between the Clinical and Laboratory Parameters and the MS Components in Patients With RA
	Systolic blood pressure	Diastolic blood pressure	Waist circumference	Glucose	HDL	Triglycerides
RA: Rheumatoid Arthritis, MS: Metabolic Syndrome, RF: Rheumatoid Factor, CRP: C-Reactive Protein, ESR: Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate, Anti-CCP: Anti-Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide, DAS-28: Disease Activity Score, VAS: Visual Analogue Scale, HDL: High Density Lipoprotein, LDL: Low Density Lipoprotein, HAQ: Health Assessment Questionnaire.Statistically significant (p > 0.05) relationship with Spearman’s correlation test.*Statistically significant (p > 0.01) relationship with Spearman’s correlation test.
Age (years)	0.440*	0.410*	0.550**	0.130	-0.008	0.120
DAS 28	0.330*	0.350*	-0.110	0.110	-0.230	0.029
Disease duration (years)	0.090	0.210	-0.045	0.150	-0.220	0.250
HAQ	0.170	0.240	0.200	0.140	-0.230	0.200
ESR (mm/h)	-0.290*	-0.130	-0.150	-0.076	-0.054	-0.094
CRP (mg/dl)	-0.210	-0.049	-0.190	0.150	-0.150	-0.022
RF (IU/dl)	-0.130	-0.130	0.002	-0.037	0.310*	-0.058
Anti-CCP (U/dl)	-0.021	-0.036	0.230	-0.081	-0.100	0.044

Table 4. Correlation Between the Clinical and Laboratory Parameters and the MS Components in Patients With RA

Systolic blood pressure

Diastolic blood pressure

Waist circumference

Glucose

HDL

Triglycerides

RA: Rheumatoid Arthritis, MS: Metabolic Syndrome, RF: Rheumatoid Factor, CRP: C-Reactive Protein, ESR: Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate, Anti-CCP: Anti-Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide, DAS-28: Disease Activity Score, VAS: Visual Analogue Scale, HDL: High Density Lipoprotein, LDL: Low Density Lipoprotein, HAQ: Health Assessment Questionnaire.*Statistically significant (p > 0.05) relationship with Spearman’s correlation test.**Statistically significant (p > 0.01) relationship with Spearman’s correlation test.

Age (years)

0.440*

0.410*

0.550**

0.130

-0.008

0.120

DAS 28

0.330*

0.350*

-0.110

0.110

-0.230

0.029

Disease duration (years)

0.090

0.210

-0.045

0.150

-0.220

0.250

HAQ

0.170

0.240

0.200

0.140

-0.230

0.200

ESR (mm/h)

-0.290*

-0.130

-0.150

-0.076

-0.054

-0.094

CRP (mg/dl)

-0.210

-0.049

-0.190

0.150

-0.150

-0.022

RF (IU/dl)

-0.130

0.002

-0.037

0.310*

-0.058

Anti-CCP (U/dl)

-0.021

-0.036

0.230

-0.081

-0.100

0.044