J Clin Med Res

Journal of Clinical Medicine Research, ISSN 1918-3003 print, 1918-3011 online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Clin Med Res and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website http://www.jocmr.org

Original Article

Volume 8, Number 6, June 2016, pages 437-444

Oxidative Stress Measurement and Prediction of Epileptic Seizure in Children and Adults With Severe Motor and Intellectual Disabilities

**Table 1.** The Measurement Evaluation Standard Value of d-ROMs Test and BAP Test
Evaluation	Standard value
d-ROMs test
Normal range	250 - 300 U.CARR*
Border range	301 - 320 U.CARR
Low-level oxidative stress	321 - 340 U.CARR
Intermediate-level oxidative stress	341 - 400 U.CARR
High-level oxidative stress	401 - 500 U.CARR
Very high-level oxidative stress	> 500 U.CARR
BAP test
Normal range	> 2,200 μmol/L
Border range	2,000 - 2,200 μmol/L
Slight lack state	1,800 - 1,999 μmol/L
Lack state	1,600 - 1,799 μmol/L
Severe lack state	1,400 - 1,599 μmol/L
Very severe lack state	< 1,400 μmol/L

Table 1. The Measurement Evaluation Standard Value of d-ROMs Test and BAP Test

Evaluation

Standard value

d-ROMs test

Normal range

250 - 300 U.CARR*

Border range

301 - 320 U.CARR

Low-level oxidative stress

321 - 340 U.CARR

Intermediate-level oxidative stress

341 - 400 U.CARR

High-level oxidative stress

401 - 500 U.CARR

Very high-level oxidative stress

> 500 U.CARR

BAP test

Normal range

> 2,200 μmol/L

Border range

2,000 - 2,200 μmol/L

Slight lack state

1,800 - 1,999 μmol/L

Lack state

1,600 - 1,799 μmol/L

Severe lack state

1,400 - 1,599 μmol/L

Very severe lack state

< 1,400 μmol/L

**Table 2.** Patients Background and Result of a Measurement (n = 43)
Patient number	Age*	Sex	Main disease	The mean seizure number of times per month	d-ROMs value (U.CARR)	BAP value (μmol/L)	d-ROMs/BAP	BAP/d-ROMs	Albumin** (g/dL)
Age of the measurement day. *Sample same as d-ROMs. BAP measurement sample.
1	22	F	Hypoxia encephalopathic aftereffects	5.5	279	2,202	0.126	7.892	3.6
2	29	M	Lissencephaly	32.6	532	2,212	0.240	4.157	4.1
3	33	M	CFC syndrome	4.5	328	2,156	0.152	6.573	4.2
4	31	F	Cerebral palsy	7.0	481	2,551	0.188	5.303	4.0
5	31	M	Acute encephalopathic aftereffects	5.6	412	2,036	0.202	4.941	3.8
6	37	M	Cerebral palsy	13.7	403	2,162	0.186	5.364	3.6
7	32	M	Hypoxia encephalopathic aftereffects	10.3	477	2,186	0.218	4.582	4.2
8	30	M	Schizencephaly	0.1	399	2,506	0.159	6.280	4.1
9	26	M	Cerebral palsy	31.0	463	2,203	0.210	4.758	4.3
10	30	F	Cerebral palsy	5.0	379	2,259	0.167	5.960	4.2
11	12	M	Cerebral palsy	0.0	312	2,786	0.112	8.929	3.6
12	5	M	Cerebral palsy	0.3	321	2,563	0.125	7.984	4.6
13	21	M	Hypoxia encephalopathic aftereffects	6.1	283	2,654	0.106	9.378	4.1
14	16	M	Theophylline encephalopathic aftereffects	6.0	261	2,305	0.113	8.831	4.6
15	26	F	Cerebral palsy	1.0	382	2,504	0.152	6.554	3.4
16	42	F	Hypoxia encephalopathic aftereffects	13.1	400	2,111	0.189	5.277	3.4
17	16	M	Cerebral hemorrhage aftereffects	3.1	325	2,509	0.130	7.720	4.3
18	27	M	Cerebral palsy	15.5	508	2,359	0.168	5.942	3.6
19	30	M	Cerebral palsy	3.3	318	2,305	0.137	7.248	3.7
20	15	F	Cerebral palsy	6.1	503	2,648	0.189	5.264	3.2
21	36	F	Cerebral palsy	13.8	352	1,948	0.181	5.534	4.5
22	23	M	Cerebral palsy	0.1	237	2,578	0.091	10.878	3.7
23	16	M	Arthrogryposis	3.3	382	2,538	0.151	6.644	3.9
24	28	M	Cerebral palsy	0.0	278	2,142	0.129	7.705	4.0
25	18	F	Meningitis aftereffects	3.3	275	2,360	0.117	8.582	4.3
26	29	M	Hypoxia encephalopathic aftereffects	0.0	296	2,545	0.116	8.597	5.1
27	37	M	Cerebral palsy	1.5	288	2,185	0.131	7.586	4.0
28	32	M	Epileptic encephalopathy aftereffects	24.9	415	1,578	0.263	3.802	4.1
29	22	F	Cerebral palsy	0.6	290	2,531	0.115	8.728	3.5
30	23	M	Lowe syndrome	0.5	434	2,173	0.200	5.007	1.8
31	10	F	Epileptic encephalopathy aftereffects	3.3	399	2,340	0.171	5.865	4.1
32	27	F	Epileptic encephalopathy aftereffects	4.3	342	2,170	0.157	6.345	3.7
33	23	M	Cerebral hemorrhage aftereffects	0.6	253	2,359	0.107	9.324	4.0
34	24	M	Cerebral palsy	2.9	333	2,208	0.150	6.630	4.3
35	32	M	Cerebral palsy	0.0	278	2,432	0.114	8.748	4.0
36	36	F	Severe mental and motor retardation	0.8	298	2,115	0.140	7.097	3.4
37	44	F	CFC syndrome	0.2	478	1,981	0.241	4.144	4.4
38	45	M	Cerebral palsy	2.6	343	2,502	0.137	7.294	3.9
39	31	M	X chromosome abnormality	6.1	484	2,555	0.189	5.278	4.2
40	38	F	Cerebral palsy	7.9	352	2,180	0.161	6.193	3.5
41	27	M	Cerebral palsy	0.0	385	2,361	0.163	6.132	3.9
42	36	M	Cerebral palsy	47.3	551	2,221	0.248	4.030	4.3
43	25	M	Dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy	5.3	338	2,021	0.167	5.979	3.5

Table 2. Patients Background and Result of a Measurement (n = 43)

Patient number

Age*

Sex

Main disease

The mean seizure number of times per month

d-ROMs value (U.CARR)

BAP value (μmol/L)

d-ROMs/BAP

BAP/d-ROMs

Albumin** (g/dL)

*Age of the measurement day. **Sample same as d-ROMs. BAP measurement sample.

Hypoxia encephalopathic aftereffects

5.5

279

2,202

0.126

7.892

3.6

Lissencephaly

32.6

532

2,212

0.240

4.157

4.1

CFC syndrome

4.5

328

2,156

0.152

6.573

4.2

Cerebral palsy

7.0

481

2,551

0.188

5.303

4.0

Acute encephalopathic aftereffects

5.6

412

2,036

0.202

4.941

3.8

Cerebral palsy

13.7

403

2,162

0.186

5.364

3.6

Hypoxia encephalopathic aftereffects

10.3

477

2,186

0.218

4.582

4.2

Schizencephaly

0.1

399

2,506

0.159

6.280

4.1

Cerebral palsy

31.0

463

2,203

0.210

4.758

4.3

Cerebral palsy

5.0

379

2,259

0.167

5.960

4.2

Cerebral palsy

0.0

312

2,786

0.112

8.929

3.6

Cerebral palsy

0.3

321

2,563

0.125

7.984

4.6

Hypoxia encephalopathic aftereffects

6.1

283

2,654

0.106

9.378

4.1

Theophylline encephalopathic aftereffects

6.0

261

2,305

0.113

8.831

4.6

Cerebral palsy

1.0

382

2,504

0.152

6.554

3.4

Hypoxia encephalopathic aftereffects

13.1

400

2,111

0.189

5.277

3.4

Cerebral hemorrhage aftereffects

3.1

325

2,509

0.130

7.720

4.3

Cerebral palsy

15.5

508

2,359

0.168

5.942

3.6

Cerebral palsy

3.3

318

2,305

0.137

7.248

3.7

Cerebral palsy

6.1

503

2,648

0.189

5.264

3.2

Cerebral palsy

13.8

352

1,948

0.181

5.534

4.5

Cerebral palsy

0.1

237

2,578

0.091

10.878

3.7

Arthrogryposis

3.3

382

2,538

0.151

6.644

3.9

Cerebral palsy

0.0

278

2,142

0.129

7.705

4.0

Meningitis aftereffects

3.3

275

2,360

0.117

8.582

4.3

Hypoxia encephalopathic aftereffects

0.0

296

2,545

0.116

8.597

5.1

Cerebral palsy

1.5

288

2,185

0.131

7.586

4.0

Epileptic encephalopathy aftereffects

24.9

415

1,578

0.263

3.802

4.1

Cerebral palsy

0.6

290

2,531

0.115

8.728

3.5

Lowe syndrome

0.5

434

2,173

0.200

5.007

1.8

Epileptic encephalopathy aftereffects

3.3

399

2,340

0.171

5.865

4.1

Epileptic encephalopathy aftereffects

4.3

342

2,170

0.157

6.345

3.7

Cerebral hemorrhage aftereffects

0.6

253

2,359

0.107

9.324

4.0

Cerebral palsy

2.9

333

2,208

0.150

6.630

4.3

Cerebral palsy

0.0

278

2,432

0.114

8.748

4.0

Severe mental and motor retardation

0.8

298

2,115

0.140

7.097

3.4

CFC syndrome

0.2

478

1,981

0.241

4.144

4.4

Cerebral palsy

2.6

343

2,502

0.137

7.294

3.9

X chromosome abnormality

6.1

484

2,555

0.189

5.278

4.2

Cerebral palsy

7.9

352

2,180

0.161

6.193

3.5

Cerebral palsy

0.0

385

2,361

0.163

6.132

3.9

Cerebral palsy

47.3

551

2,221

0.248

4.030

4.3

Dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy

5.3

338

2,021

0.167

5.979

3.5