J Clin Med Res

Journal of Clinical Medicine Research, ISSN 1918-3003 print, 1918-3011 online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Clin Med Res and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website http://www.jocmr.org

Original Article

Volume 7, Number 3, March 2015, pages 154-160

Reduced Heart Function Predicts Drug-Taking Compliance and Two-Year Prognosis in Chinese Patients With Stable Premature Coronary Artery Disease

**Table 1.** Baseline Characteristics of Study Population
Characteristics	LVEF < 50% (n = 96)	LVEF ≥ 50% (n = 416)	P value
Data are expressed as the number of individuals (percentage in parentheses) or the mean ± SD, as appropriate. apoA1: apolipoprotein A1; apoB: apolipoprotein B; BMI: body mass index; CAD: coronary artery disease; CVD: cardiovascular disease; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; FBS: fasting blood sugar; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; MI: myocardial infarction; TG: triglyceride; WBCs: white blood cells.
Age, years	51.98 ± 8.72	52.37 ± 8.33	0.605
BMI, kg/m²	25.20 ± 3.10	25.74 ± 2.87	0.113
Male, n (%)	63 (65.63)	147 (35.34)	0.000
Smoking, n (%)	34 (35.42)	101 (24.27)	0.026
Hypertension, n (%)	65 (67.71)	283 (68.03)	0.952
Type 2 diabetes mellitus, n (%)	25 (26.04)	71 (17.07)	0.042
Family history of CVD, n (%)	25 (26.04)	69 (16.59)	0.031
Single-vessel disease, n (%)	44 (45.83)	238 (57.21)	0.043
Multi-vessel disease, n (%)	52 (54.17)	178 (42.79)	0.043
Creatinine, µmol/L	87.33 ± 9.55	78.54 ± 2.83	0.239
eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m²	55.17 ± 14.77	57.44 ± 13.81	0.152
LDL-C, mmol/L	3.02 ± 0.11	2.92 ± 0.05	0.401
HDL-C, mmol/L	1.09 ± 0.04	1.15 ± 0.02	0.219
TG, mmol/L	1.56 ± 0.10	1.61 ± 0.06	0.710
apoA1, g/L	1.14 ± 0.09	1.11 ± 0.03	0.748
apoB, g/L	0.88 ± 0.03	0.84 ± 0.01	0.275
WBCs, × 10⁹/L	8.88 ± 0.35	6.90 ± 0.17	0.000
Hemoglobin, g/L	136.71 ± 1.83	138.43 ± 0.83	0.376
FBS, mmol/L	6.65 ± 0.27	5.54 ± 0.09	0.002

Table 1. Baseline Characteristics of Study Population

Characteristics

LVEF < 50% (n = 96)

LVEF ≥ 50% (n = 416)

P value

Data are expressed as the number of individuals (percentage in parentheses) or the mean ± SD, as appropriate. apoA1: apolipoprotein A1; apoB: apolipoprotein B; BMI: body mass index; CAD: coronary artery disease; CVD: cardiovascular disease; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; FBS: fasting blood sugar; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; MI: myocardial infarction; TG: triglyceride; WBCs: white blood cells.

Age, years

51.98 ± 8.72

52.37 ± 8.33

0.605

BMI, kg/m²

25.20 ± 3.10

25.74 ± 2.87

0.113

Male, n (%)

63 (65.63)

147 (35.34)

0.000

Smoking, n (%)

34 (35.42)

101 (24.27)

0.026

Hypertension, n (%)

65 (67.71)

283 (68.03)

0.952

Type 2 diabetes mellitus, n (%)

25 (26.04)

71 (17.07)

0.042

Family history of CVD, n (%)

25 (26.04)

69 (16.59)

0.031

Single-vessel disease, n (%)

44 (45.83)

238 (57.21)

0.043

Multi-vessel disease, n (%)

52 (54.17)

178 (42.79)

0.043

Creatinine, µmol/L

87.33 ± 9.55

78.54 ± 2.83

0.239

eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m²

55.17 ± 14.77

57.44 ± 13.81

0.152

LDL-C, mmol/L

3.02 ± 0.11

2.92 ± 0.05

0.401

HDL-C, mmol/L

1.09 ± 0.04

1.15 ± 0.02

0.219

TG, mmol/L

1.56 ± 0.10

1.61 ± 0.06

0.710

apoA1, g/L

1.14 ± 0.09

1.11 ± 0.03

0.748

apoB, g/L

0.88 ± 0.03

0.84 ± 0.01

0.275

WBCs, × 10⁹/L

8.88 ± 0.35

6.90 ± 0.17

0.000

Hemoglobin, g/L

136.71 ± 1.83

138.43 ± 0.83

0.376

FBS, mmol/L

6.65 ± 0.27

5.54 ± 0.09

0.002

**Table 2.** Data on Drugs for Secondary Prevention at Baseline and During Follow-Up
	LVEF < 50% (n† = 96/88/87)	LVEF ≥ 50% (n† = 416/393/391)	P value
*P < 0.05, compared with in-hospital data within the LVEF ≥ 50% group. †The available number of patients in-hospital, and at 1- and 2-year follow-up. ACEIs: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; ARBs: angiotensin II receptor blockers; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction.
Aspirin
In-hospital, 512	92 (95.83%)	402 (96.63%)	0.710
1-year, 481	83 (94.32%)	368* (93.64%)	0.812
2-year, 478	82 (94.25%)	367 (93.86%)	0.890
β-blockers
In-hospital, 512	83 (86.46%)	365 (87.74%)	0.723
1-year, 481	73 (82.95%)	323* (82.19%)	0.865
2-year, 478	71 (81.61%)	321* (82.10%)	0.915
ACEIs/ARBs
In-hospital, 512	70 (72.92%)	301 (72.36%)	0.912
1-year, 481	66 (75.00%)	289 (73.54%)	0.778
2-year, 478	63 (72.41%)	285 (72.89%)	0.928
Statins
In-hospital, 512	85 (88.54%)	371 (89.18%)	0.856
1-year, 481	74 (84.09%)	332* (84.47%)	0.928
2-year, 478	70 (80.46%)	317* (81.07%)	0.895

Table 2. Data on Drugs for Secondary Prevention at Baseline and During Follow-Up

LVEF < 50% (n† = 96/88/87)

LVEF ≥ 50% (n† = 416/393/391)

P value

*P < 0.05, compared with in-hospital data within the LVEF ≥ 50% group. †The available number of patients in-hospital, and at 1- and 2-year follow-up. ACEIs: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; ARBs: angiotensin II receptor blockers; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction.

Aspirin

In-hospital, 512

92 (95.83%)

402 (96.63%)

0.710

1-year, 481

83 (94.32%)

368* (93.64%)

0.812

2-year, 478

82 (94.25%)

367 (93.86%)

0.890

β-blockers

In-hospital, 512

83 (86.46%)

365 (87.74%)

0.723

1-year, 481

73 (82.95%)

323* (82.19%)

0.865

2-year, 478

71 (81.61%)

321* (82.10%)

0.915

ACEIs/ARBs

In-hospital, 512

70 (72.92%)

301 (72.36%)

0.912

1-year, 481

66 (75.00%)

289 (73.54%)

0.778

2-year, 478

63 (72.41%)

285 (72.89%)

0.928

Statins

In-hospital, 512

85 (88.54%)

371 (89.18%)

0.856

1-year, 481

74 (84.09%)

332* (84.47%)

0.928

2-year, 478

70 (80.46%)

317* (81.07%)

0.895

**Table 3.** Follow-Up Results of Cardiovascular Events
	LVEF < 50% (n† = 88/87)	LVEF ≥ 50% (n† = 393/391)	P value
†The available number of patients during 1- and 2-year follow-up. LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; MACEs: major adverse cardiac events; MI: myocardial infarction; TVR: target vessel revascularization.
Recurrent angina
1-year	11 (12.50%)	46 (11.70%)	0.979
2-year	14 (16.09%)	56 (14.32%)	0.799
Readmission for heart failure
1-year	3 (3.41%)	7 (1.78%)	0.333
2-year	5 (5.75%)	9 (2.30%)	0.085
Recurrent MI
1-year	2 (2.27%)	5 (1.27%)	0.479
2-year	4 (4.59%)	8 (2.05%)	0.169
TVR
1-year	13 (14.77%)	41 (10.43%)	0.244
2-year	17 (19.54%)	56 (14.32%)	0.221
Cardiac death
1-year	1 (1.14%)	2 (0.05%)	0.245
2-year	1 (1.15%)	2 (0.05%)	0.243
Composite MACEs
1-year	30 (34.09%)	101 (25.70%)	0.084
2-year	41 (47.13%)	131 (33.50)	0.017

Table 3. Follow-Up Results of Cardiovascular Events

LVEF < 50% (n† = 88/87)

LVEF ≥ 50% (n† = 393/391)

P value

†The available number of patients during 1- and 2-year follow-up. LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; MACEs: major adverse cardiac events; MI: myocardial infarction; TVR: target vessel revascularization.

Recurrent angina

1-year

11 (12.50%)

46 (11.70%)

0.979

2-year

14 (16.09%)

56 (14.32%)

0.799

Readmission for heart failure

1-year

3 (3.41%)

7 (1.78%)

0.333

2-year

5 (5.75%)

9 (2.30%)

0.085

Recurrent MI

1-year

2 (2.27%)

5 (1.27%)

0.479

2-year

4 (4.59%)

8 (2.05%)

0.169

TVR

1-year

13 (14.77%)

41 (10.43%)

0.244

2-year

17 (19.54%)

56 (14.32%)

0.221

Cardiac death

1-year

1 (1.14%)

2 (0.05%)

0.245

2-year

1 (1.15%)

2 (0.05%)

0.243

Composite MACEs

1-year

30 (34.09%)

101 (25.70%)

0.084

2-year

41 (47.13%)

131 (33.50)

0.017

**Table 4.** Relationship Between Drug Usage and Composite MACEs After 2-Year Follow-Up
	LVEF < 50% (n = 87)	LVEF ≥ 50% (n = 391)
LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; MACEs: major adverse cardiac events.
Any one drug treatment	0	2	2	4
Any two drugs treatment	9	8	27	31
Any three drugs treatment	15	18	58	113
All four drugs treatment	17	18	44	111
P value	Z = -0.228, P = 0.820	Z = -2.167, P = 0.03

Table 4. Relationship Between Drug Usage and Composite MACEs After 2-Year Follow-Up

LVEF < 50% (n = 87)

LVEF ≥ 50% (n = 391)

MACEs (n = 41)

Without MACEs (n = 46)

MACEs (n = 131)

Without MACEs (n = 260)

LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; MACEs: major adverse cardiac events.

Any one drug treatment

Any two drugs treatment

Any three drugs treatment

113

All four drugs treatment

111

P value

Z = -0.228, P = 0.820

Z = -2.167, P = 0.03