Toxoplasma gondii infection and premenstrual dysphoric disorder: a cross-sectional study

Cosme Alvarado-Esquivel, Luis Francisco Sanchez-Anguiano, Jesus Hernandez-Tinoco, Alma Rosa Perez-Alamos, Yazmin del Rosario Rico-Almochantaf, Sergio Estrada-Martinez, Raquel Vaquera-Enriquez, Arturo Diaz-Herrera, Agar Ramos-Nevarez, Ada Agustina Sandoval-Carrillo, Jose Manuel Salas-Pacheco, Sandra Margarita Cerrillo-Soto, Elizabeth Irasema Antuna-Salcido, Oliver Liesenfeld, Carlos Alberto Guido-Arreola

Abstract


Background: Premenstrual dysphoric disorder is a severe form of premenstrual syndrome. The influence ofToxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection on clinical features in women with this disorder has not been studied. Therefore, we determined the association ofT. gondii infection with symptoms and signs in women suffering from premenstrual dysphoric disorder.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of 151 women suffering from premenstrual dysphoric disorder. Anti-Toxoplasma IgG and IgM antibodies were detected in sera of the participants using enzyme-linked immunoassays (EIAs). In addition,T. gondii DNA was detected in whole blood of IgG seropositive participants using polymerase chain reaction. We obtained the clinical data of women with the aid of a questionnaire. The association ofT. gondii infection with clinical characteristics of women was assessed by bivariate and multivariate analyses.

Results: Anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies were found in 10 (6.6%) of the 151 women studied. Of the 10 IgG seropositive women, four (40.0%) were positive for anti-T. gondii IgM antibodies, and one (10.0%) forT. gondii DNA. Mean number (25.8 7.58) of premenstrual clinical characteristics in seropositive women was similar to that (29.22 9.13) found in seronegative women (P = 0.25). Logistic regression showed that seropositivity toT. gondii was negatively associated with difficulty concentrating (OR: 0.18; 95% CI: 0.03 - 0.91; P = 0.03), and positively associated with out of control feeling or overwhelmed (OR: 9.00; 95% CI: 1.32 - 62.00; P = 0.02).

Conclusions: Results of this first study on the association ofT. gondii infection and clinical characteristics of premenstrual dysphoric disorder suggest that this infection might be linked to some symptoms of this disorder. We report for the first time the association ofT. gondii infection and out of control feeling or overwhelmed. Results warrant for further research on the role ofT. gondii in premenstrual dysphoric disorder.



J Clin Med Res. 2016;8(10):730-736
doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.14740/jocmr2699w


Keywords


Toxoplasma gondii; Seroprevalence; Premenstrual dysphoric disorder; Cross-sectional study

Full Text: HTML PDF
 

Browse  Journals  

 

Journal of Clinical Medicine Research

Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism

Journal of Clinical Gynecology and Obstetrics

 

World Journal of Oncology

Gastroenterology Research

Journal of Hematology

 

Journal of Medical Cases

Journal of Current Surgery

Clinical Infection and Immunity

 

Cardiology Research

World Journal of Nephrology and Urology

Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research

 

Journal of Neurology Research

International Journal of Clinical Pediatrics

 

 
       
 

Journal of Clinical Medicine Research, monthly, ISSN 1918-3003 (print), 1918-3011 (online), published by Elmer Press Inc.                     
The content of this site is intended for health care professionals.
This is an open-access journal distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted
non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Creative Commons Attribution license (Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International CC-BY-NC 4.0)


This journal follows the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) recommendations for manuscripts submitted to biomedical journals,
the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) guidelines, and the Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing.

website: www.jocmr.org   editorial contact: editor@jocmr.org     elmer.editorial2@hotmail.com
Address: 9225 Leslie Street, Suite 201, Richmond Hill, Ontario, L4B 3H6, Canada

© Elmer Press Inc. All Rights Reserved.


Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed in the published articles are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or opinions of the editors and Elmer Press Inc. This website is provided for medical research and informational purposes only and does not constitute any medical advice or professional services. The information provided in this journal should not be used for diagnosis and treatment, those seeking medical advice should always consult with a licensed physician.